Spelling plurals: -s, -es, -ies, -ves and odd ones, sentence 15
«The teachers were happy» needs no apostrophe; «the teacher's desk» means the desk of one teacher.
Who acts: teachers, desk · What happens: be, need, mean · To what, where: apostrophe, desk · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of the lesson «Spelling plurals: -s, -es, -ies, -ves and odd ones» of the english course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (teachers, desk), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | « | « | PUNCT | _ | 5 happy | punct |
| 2 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 teachers | det |
| 3 | teachers | teacher | NOUN | Number=Plur | 5 happy | nsubj |
| 4 | were | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 5 happy | cop |
| 5 | happy | happy | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 7 needs | csubj |
| 6 | » | » | PUNCT | _ | 5 happy | punct |
| 7 | needs | need | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 8 | no | no | DET | PronType=Neg | 9 apostrophe | det |
| 9 | apostrophe | apostrophe | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 needs | obj |
| 10 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 17 means | punct |
| 11 | « | « | PUNCT | _ | 15 desk | punct |
| 12 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 13 teacher | det |
| 13 | teacher | teacher | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 desk | nmod:poss |
| 14 | 's | 's | PART | _ | 13 teacher | case |
| 15 | desk | desk | NOUN | Number=Sing | 17 means | nsubj |
| 16 | » | » | PUNCT | _ | 15 desk | punct |
| 17 | means | mean | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 7 needs | parataxis |
| 18 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 19 desk | det |
| 19 | desk | desk | NOUN | Number=Sing | 17 means | obj |
| 20 | of | of | ADP | _ | 22 teacher | case |
| 21 | one | one | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 22 teacher | nummod |
| 22 | teacher | teacher | NOUN | Number=Sing | 19 desk | nmod |
| 23 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 7 needs | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- changed act=assert
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is in a quote | past | the teachers | happy property | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | need | present | no apostrophe | vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Pivot apostrophe=Theme | |||||
| 3 | mean | present | the teacher's desk | the desk of one teacher | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent desk=Topic |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:english:006-spelling-plurals.lesson:15.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×2, R8-pos-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/english/6-spelling-plurals/15/