Spelling plurals: -s, -es, -ies, -ves and odd ones, sentence 26
An apostrophe is never used to make a plural; «teacher's» means belonging to one teacher.
Who acts: teacher · What happens: not use, make, mean, belong · To what, where: apostrophe, plural · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of the lesson «Spelling plurals: -s, -es, -ies, -ves and odd ones» of the english course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (teacher), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | An | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 2 apostrophe | det |
| 2 | apostrophe | apostrophe | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 used | nsubj:pass |
| 3 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 5 used | aux:pass |
| 4 | never | never | ADV | PronType=Neg | 5 used | advmod |
| 5 | used | use | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 6 | to | to | PART | _ | 7 make | mark |
| 7 | make | make | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 5 used | advcl |
| 8 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 9 plural | det |
| 9 | plural | plural | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 make | obj |
| 10 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 15 means | punct |
| 11 | « | « | PUNCT | _ | 12 teacher | punct |
| 12 | teacher | teacher | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 means | nsubj |
| 13 | 's | 's | PART | _ | 12 teacher | case |
| 14 | » | » | PUNCT | _ | 12 teacher | punct |
| 15 | means | mean | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 5 used | parataxis |
| 16 | belonging | belong | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 15 means | ccomp |
| 17 | to | to | ADP | _ | 19 teacher | case |
| 18 | one | one | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 19 teacher | nummod |
| 19 | teacher | teacher | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 belonging | obl |
| 20 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 5 used | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- kept the draft
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | not use | present · passive | a apostrophe | vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient | |||||
| 2 | make | to-infinitive | a plural | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset plural=Product | |||||
| 3 | mean | present | teacher | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | |||||
| 4 | belong | gerund | to one teacher | vn attend-107.4-2 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:english:006-spelling-plurals.lesson:26.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/english/6-spelling-plurals/26/