Adding -ed and -ing: doubling and dropping e, sentence 0

Josh writes «I was hopping for a sunny day» and means wishing, not jumping on one leg.

Who acts: Josh, I · What happens: write, hop, mean, wish, not jump · To what, where: one leg · Speech: someone speaks here

This is a sentence of the lesson «Adding -ed and -ing: doubling and dropping e» of the english course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Josh, I), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Josh	Josh	PROPN	Number=Sing	2 writes	nsubj
2	writes	write	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	«	«	PUNCT	_	6 hopping	punct
4	I	I	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs	6 hopping	nsubj
5	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	6 hopping	aux
6	hopping	hop	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	2 writes	ccomp
7	for	for	ADP	_	10 day	case
8	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	10 day	det
9	sunny	sunny	ADJ	Degree=Pos	10 day	amod
10	day	day	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 hopping	obl
11	»	»	PUNCT	_	6 hopping	punct
12	and	and	CCONJ	_	13 means	cc
13	means	mean	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	2 writes	conj
14	wishing	wish	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	13 means	ccomp
15	,	,	PUNCT	_	17 jumping	punct
16	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	17 jumping	advmod
17	jumping	jump	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	14 wishing	conj
18	on	on	ADP	_	20 leg	case
19	one	one	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	20 leg	nummod
20	leg	leg	NOUN	Number=Sing	17 jumping	obl
21	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 writes	punct

Pragmatics

No stored speech act for this sentence.

#	verb	tense, mood	who	where	when	roles by
1	write	present	Josh			vn say-37.7-1 «NP V S-Quote»: agent=Agent clause=Topic
2	hop in a quote	past · progressive	I		day	vn run-51.3.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
3	mean	present	Josh not said here			vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic
4	wish	gerund				vn wish-62 «NP V for NP S_INF»: agent=Pivot
5	not jump	gerund		one leg		vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme on leg=Trajectory

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:english:007-adding-ed-and-ing-doubling-and-dropping-e.lesson:0.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R6-punct-agree ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/english/7-adding-ed-and-ing-doubling-and-dropping-e/0/