Endings that sound like «shun»: -tion, -sion, -ssion, -cian, sentence 8
When the ending sounds softer, /zhun/ instead of /shun/, it is nearly always -sion: television, division, decision, explosion.
Who acts: ending · What happens: sound, shun, be · To what, where: sion
This is a sentence of the lesson «Endings that sound like «shun»: -tion, -sion, -ssion, -cian» of the english course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (ending), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | When | when | SCONJ | _ | 4 sounds | mark |
| 2 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 ending | det |
| 3 | ending | ending | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 sounds | nsubj |
| 4 | sounds | sound | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 21 sion | advcl |
| 5 | softer | soft | ADJ | Degree=Cmp | 4 sounds | xcomp |
| 6 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 21 sion | punct |
| 7 | / | / | SYM | _ | 8 zhun | cc |
| 8 | zhun | zhun | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 sounds | conj |
| 9 | / | / | SYM | _ | 8 zhun | punct |
| 10 | instead | instead | ADV | _ | 13 shun | advmod |
| 11 | of | of | ADP | _ | 10 instead | fixed |
| 12 | / | / | PUNCT | _ | 11 of | punct |
| 13 | shun | shun | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 4 sounds | conj |
| 14 | / | / | PUNCT | _ | 13 shun | punct |
| 15 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 21 sion | punct |
| 16 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 21 sion | nsubj |
| 17 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 21 sion | cop |
| 18 | nearly | nearly | ADV | _ | 21 sion | advmod |
| 19 | always | always | ADV | PronType=Tot | 21 sion | advmod |
| 20 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 19 always | punct |
| 21 | sion | sion | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 22 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 23 television | punct |
| 23 | television | television | NOUN | Number=Sing | 21 sion | appos |
| 24 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 25 division | punct |
| 25 | division | division | NOUN | Number=Sing | 23 television | conj |
| 26 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 27 decision | punct |
| 27 | decision | decision | NOUN | Number=Sing | 23 television | conj |
| 28 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 29 explosion | punct |
| 29 | explosion | explosion | NOUN | Number=Sing | 23 television | conj |
| 30 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 21 sion | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- narrate
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- kept the draft
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | sound | present | the ending | soft property | vn stimulus_subject-30.4 «NP V ADJ»: agent=Stimulus | ||||
| 2 | shun | infinitive | the ending not said here | instead property | vn avoid-52 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 3 | is a | present | ending | sion | always, nearly property | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:english:008-endings-that-sound-like-shun.lesson:8.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/english/8-endings-that-sound-like-shun/8/