Soft words for hard things: death and dying, sentence 0
A euphemism is a soft or roundabout word we use instead of a plain word that feels too hard, rude or sad.
Who acts: euphemism, we, plain word · What happens: be, use, feel · To what, where: soft word
This is a sentence of the lesson «Soft words for hard things: death and dying» of the euphemisms course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (euphemism, we, plain word), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | A | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 2 euphemism | det |
| 2 | euphemism | euphemism | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 word | nsubj |
| 3 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 8 word | cop |
| 4 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 8 word | det |
| 5 | soft | soft | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 8 word | amod |
| 6 | or | or | CCONJ | _ | 7 roundabout | cc |
| 7 | roundabout | roundabout | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 5 soft | conj |
| 8 | word | word | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 9 | we | we | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs | 10 use | nsubj |
| 10 | use | use | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 8 word | acl:relcl |
| 11 | instead | instead | ADV | ExtPos=ADP | 15 word | case |
| 12 | of | of | ADP | _ | 11 instead | fixed |
| 13 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 15 word | det |
| 14 | plain | plain | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 15 word | amod |
| 15 | word | word | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 use | obl |
| 16 | that | that | PRON | PronType=Rel | 17 feels | nsubj |
| 17 | feels | feel | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 15 word | acl:relcl |
| 18 | too | too | ADV | _ | 19 hard | advmod |
| 19 | hard | hard | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 17 feels | xcomp |
| 20 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 21 rude | punct |
| 21 | rude | rude | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 19 hard | conj |
| 22 | or | or | CCONJ | _ | 23 sad | cc |
| 23 | sad | sad | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 21 rude | conj |
| 24 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 8 word | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is a | present | a euphemism | a soft word | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | use | present | we | a soft word not said here | instead a plain word | vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent word=Patient | |||
| 3 | feel | present | a plain word | hard property | vn stimulus_subject-30.4 «NP V ADJ»: agent=Stimulus |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:euphemisms:001-death-polite-and-joking.lesson:0.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/euphemisms/1-death-polite-and-joking/0/