Soft words for hard things: death and dying, sentence 11
"Pushing up daisies" means dead and buried; it is a joke about flowers growing on a grave.
Who acts: Pushing, farm, flowers · What happens: push up, mean, bury, be, grow · To what, where: daisies, dead, joke, grave · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of the lesson «Soft words for hard things: death and dying» of the euphemisms course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Pushing, farm, flowers), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 2 Pushing | punct |
| 2 | Pushing | push | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 6 means | csubj |
| 3 | up | up | ADP | _ | 2 Pushing | compound:prt |
| 4 | daisies | daisy | NOUN | Number=Plur | 2 Pushing | obj |
| 5 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 2 Pushing | punct |
| 6 | means | mean | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 7 | dead | dead | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 6 means | obj |
| 8 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 9 buried | cc |
| 9 | buried | bury | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 7 dead | conj |
| 10 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 14 joke | punct |
| 11 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 14 joke | nsubj |
| 12 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 14 joke | cop |
| 13 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 14 joke | det |
| 14 | joke | joke | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 means | parataxis |
| 15 | about | about | ADP | _ | 16 flowers | case |
| 16 | flowers | flower | NOUN | Number=Plur | 14 joke | nmod |
| 17 | growing | grow | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 16 flowers | acl |
| 18 | on | on | ADP | _ | 20 grave | case |
| 19 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 20 grave | det |
| 20 | grave | grave | NOUN | Number=Sing | 17 growing | obl |
| 21 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 6 means | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- changed voice=narrator
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | push up in a quote | gerund | daisies | vn carry-11.4-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent daisy=Theme | |||||
| 2 | mean | present | Pushing | dead | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent dead=Topic | ||||
| 3 | bury | participle | Pushing not said here | vn put-9.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 4 | is a | present | farm | a joke | about flowers | tree rules | |||
| 5 | grow | gerund | flowers not said here | a grave | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme on grave=Location |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:euphemisms:001-death-polite-and-joking.lesson:11.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/euphemisms/1-death-polite-and-joking/11/