Soft words for hard things: death and dying, sentence 13
"Bit the dust" means died, or was destroyed or broke; it is slang.
Who acts: dust · What happens: bit, mean, die, destroy, be · To what, where: slang · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of the lesson «Soft words for hard things: death and dying» of the euphemisms course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (dust), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 2 Bit | punct |
| 2 | Bit | bit | VERB | Mood=Ind Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 4 dust | dep |
| 3 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 4 dust | det |
| 4 | dust | dust | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 means | nsubj |
| 5 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 4 dust | punct |
| 6 | means | mean | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 7 | died | die | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 6 means | ccomp |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 11 destroyed | punct |
| 9 | or | or | CCONJ | _ | 11 destroyed | cc |
| 10 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 11 destroyed | aux:pass |
| 11 | destroyed | destroy | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 7 died | conj |
| 12 | or | or | CCONJ | _ | 13 broke | cc |
| 13 | broke | broke | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 11 destroyed | conj |
| 14 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 17 slang | punct |
| 15 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 17 slang | nsubj |
| 16 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 17 slang | cop |
| 17 | slang | slang | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 means | parataxis |
| 18 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 6 means | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- changed act=assert
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | bit in a quote | past | tree rules | ||||||
| 2 | mean | present | the dust | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | |||||
| 3 | die | past | vn calibratable_cos-45.6.1 «NP.attribute V»: agent=Attribute | ||||||
| 4 | destroy | past · passive | vn destroy-44 «NP V NP» | ||||||
| 5 | is a | present | dust | slang | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:euphemisms:001-death-polite-and-joking.lesson:13.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R6-punct-agree ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1, R8-pos-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/euphemisms/1-death-polite-and-joking/13/