Soft words for hard things: death and dying, sentence 2
Other words for death do the opposite and joke about it: "kicked the bucket", "croaked" or "pushing up daisies" are rough and funny, fine for a dead goldfish or a film villain but hurtful at a real funeral.
Who acts: Other words, pushing daisies · What happens: do, kick, croak, push up, be · To what, where: opposite, bucket
This is a sentence of the lesson «Soft words for hard things: death and dying» of the euphemisms course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Other words, pushing daisies), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Other | other | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 2 words | amod |
| 2 | words | word | NOUN | Number=Plur | 5 do | nsubj |
| 3 | for | for | ADP | _ | 4 death | case |
| 4 | death | death | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 words | nmod |
| 5 | do | do | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 6 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 7 opposite | det |
| 7 | opposite | opposite | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 do | obj |
| 8 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 9 joke | cc |
| 9 | joke | joke | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 opposite | conj |
| 10 | about | about | ADP | _ | 11 it | case |
| 11 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 9 joke | nmod |
| 12 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 14 kicked | punct |
| 13 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 14 kicked | punct |
| 14 | kicked | kick | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 5 do | conj |
| 15 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 16 bucket | det |
| 16 | bucket | bucket | NOUN | Number=Sing | 14 kicked | obj |
| 17 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 14 kicked | punct |
| 18 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 20 croaked | punct |
| 19 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 20 croaked | punct |
| 20 | croaked | croak | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 14 kicked | advcl |
| 21 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 20 croaked | punct |
| 22 | or | or | CCONJ | _ | 26 daisies | cc |
| 23 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 24 pushing | punct |
| 24 | pushing | push | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 26 daisies | amod |
| 25 | up | up | ADP | _ | 24 pushing | compound:prt |
| 26 | daisies | daisy | NOUN | Number=Plur | 29 rough | nsubj |
| 27 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 26 daisies | punct |
| 28 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 29 rough | cop |
| 29 | rough | rough | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 20 croaked | conj |
| 30 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 31 funny | cc |
| 31 | funny | funny | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 29 rough | conj |
| 32 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 33 fine | punct |
| 33 | fine | fine | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 29 rough | conj |
| 34 | for | for | ADP | _ | 37 goldfish | case |
| 35 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 37 goldfish | det |
| 36 | dead | dead | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 37 goldfish | amod |
| 37 | goldfish | goldfish | NOUN | Number=Sing | 33 fine | obl |
| 38 | or | or | CCONJ | _ | 41 villain | cc |
| 39 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 41 villain | det |
| 40 | film | film | NOUN | Number=Sing | 41 villain | compound |
| 41 | villain | villain | NOUN | Number=Sing | 37 goldfish | conj |
| 42 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 43 hurtful | cc |
| 43 | hurtful | hurtful | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 33 fine | conj |
| 44 | at | at | ADP | _ | 47 funeral | case |
| 45 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 47 funeral | det |
| 46 | real | real | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 47 funeral | amod |
| 47 | funeral | funeral | NOUN | Number=Sing | 43 hurtful | obl |
| 48 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 5 do | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | do | present | Other words for death | the opposite and joke about Death | vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent opposite=Eventuality | ||||
| 2 | kick in a quote | past | Other words for death not said here | the bucket | vn split-23.2 «NP V NP apart»: agent=Agent bucket=Patient | ||||
| 3 | croak in a quote | participle | Other words for death not said here | vn animal_sounds-38 «NP V»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 4 | push up in a quote | gerund | vn push-12-1-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Agent | ||||||
| 5 | is | present | pushing daisies | rough property | tree rules | ||||
| 6 | be | pushing daisies not said here | tree rules | ||||||
| 7 | be | pushing daisies not said here | for a dead goldfish or a film villain | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:euphemisms:001-death-polite-and-joking.lesson:2.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R6-punct-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/euphemisms/1-death-polite-and-joking/2/