Soft words for hard things: death and dying, sentence 7

"Passed", said alone ("his dad passed last year"), means died; it is common in everyday American speech.

Who acts: dad, teacher · What happens: pass, say, mean, die, be · To what, where: everyday American speech · Speech: someone speaks here

This is a sentence of the lesson «Soft words for hard things: death and dying» of the euphemisms course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (dad, teacher), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	"	"	PUNCT	_	2 Passed	punct
2	Passed	pass	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	17 means	nsubj
3	"	"	PUNCT	_	2 Passed	punct
4	,	,	PUNCT	_	2 Passed	punct
5	said	say	VERB	Mood=Ind Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	17 means	parataxis
6	alone	alone	ADV	_	5 said	advmod
7	(	(	PUNCT	_	11 passed	punct
8	"	"	PUNCT	_	11 passed	punct
9	his	his	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	10 dad	nmod:poss
10	dad	dad	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 passed	nsubj
11	passed	pass	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	5 said	conj
12	last	last	ADJ	Degree=Pos	13 year	amod
13	year	year	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 passed	obl:unmarked
14	"	"	PUNCT	_	11 passed	punct
15	)	)	PUNCT	_	11 passed	punct
16	,	,	PUNCT	_	17 means	punct
17	means	mean	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
18	died	die	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	17 means	ccomp
19	;	;	PUNCT	_	22 common	punct
20	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	22 common	nsubj
21	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	22 common	cop
22	common	common	ADJ	Degree=Pos	17 means	parataxis
23	in	in	ADP	_	26 speech	case
24	everyday	everyday	ADJ	Degree=Pos	26 speech	amod
25	American	American	ADJ	Degree=Pos	26 speech	amod
26	speech	speech	NOUN	Number=Sing	22 common	obl
27	.	.	PUNCT	_	17 means	punct

Pragmatics

No stored speech act for this sentence.

#	verb	tense, mood	who	where	when	other	roles by
1	pass in a quote	participle					vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	say speech: assert	past				alone property	vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent
3	pass in a quote	past	word's dad		year		vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
4	mean	present					vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic
5	die	past					vn calibratable_cos-45.6.1 «NP.attribute V»: agent=Attribute
6	is	present	teacher	everyday American speech		common property	tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:euphemisms:001-death-polite-and-joking.lesson:7.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R8-pos-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/euphemisms/1-death-polite-and-joking/7/