Soft words for hard things: animals and pets and money and poverty, sentence 10
"Culled" means animals were killed to reduce their numbers.
What happens: cull, mean, kill, reduce · To what, where: animals, numbers · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of the lesson «Soft words for hard things: animals and pets and money and poverty» of the euphemisms course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 2 Culled | punct |
| 2 | Culled | cull | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 4 means | nsubj |
| 3 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 2 Culled | punct |
| 4 | means | mean | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 5 | animals | animal | NOUN | Number=Plur | 7 killed | nsubj:pass |
| 6 | were | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 7 killed | aux:pass |
| 7 | killed | kill | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 4 means | ccomp |
| 8 | to | to | PART | _ | 9 reduce | mark |
| 9 | reduce | reduce | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 7 killed | advcl |
| 10 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 11 numbers | nmod:poss |
| 11 | numbers | number | NOUN | Number=Plur | 9 reduce | obj |
| 12 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 means | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | cull in a quote | participle | vn cheat-10.6.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | ||||||
| 2 | mean | present | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | ||||||
| 3 | kill | past · passive | animals | vn remove-10.1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme | |||||
| 4 | reduce | to-infinitive | animals's numbers | vn limit-76 «NP V NP»: agent=Causer number=Patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:euphemisms:018-pets-and-money.lesson:10.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/euphemisms/18-pets-and-money/10/