Soft words for hard things: money and poverty, sentence 7
"In straitened circumstances" (old-fashioned) means poor and short of money.
What happens: straiten, mean · To what, where: poor · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of the lesson «Soft words for hard things: money and poverty» of the euphemisms course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 11 means | punct |
| 2 | In | in | ADP | _ | 4 circumstances | case |
| 3 | straitened | straiten | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 4 circumstances | amod |
| 4 | circumstances | circumstance | NOUN | Number=Plur | 11 means | obl |
| 5 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 4 circumstances | punct |
| 6 | ( | ( | PUNCT | _ | 9 fashioned | punct |
| 7 | old | old | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 9 fashioned | amod |
| 8 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 7 old | punct |
| 9 | fashioned | fashioned | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 11 means | parataxis |
| 10 | ) | ) | PUNCT | _ | 9 fashioned | punct |
| 11 | means | mean | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 12 | poor | poor | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 11 means | obj |
| 13 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 14 short | cc |
| 14 | short | short | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 12 poor | conj |
| 15 | of | of | ADP | _ | 16 money | case |
| 16 | money | money | NOUN | Number=Sing | 14 short | obl |
| 17 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 11 means | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | straiten in a quote | participle | tree rules | ||||||
| 2 | mean | present | poor | in straitened circumstances | vn representation-110.1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Pivot poor=Theme in circumstance=Attribute |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:euphemisms:019-money-and-poverty.lesson:7.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×2. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/euphemisms/19-money-and-poverty/7/