Soft words for hard things: death and dying, sentence 0
Not every euphemism for death is meant to be kind; some are meant to hide or to sound tough.
What happens: mean, be, hide, sound · To what, where: euphemism, some
This is a sentence of the lesson «Soft words for hard things: death and dying» of the euphemisms course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 3 euphemism | advmod |
| 2 | every | every | DET | PronType=Tot | 3 euphemism | det |
| 3 | euphemism | euphemism | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 meant | nsubj:pass |
| 4 | for | for | ADP | _ | 5 death | case |
| 5 | death | death | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 euphemism | nmod |
| 6 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 7 meant | aux:pass |
| 7 | meant | mean | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 8 | to | to | PART | _ | 10 kind | mark |
| 9 | be | be | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 10 kind | cop |
| 10 | kind | kind | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 7 meant | xcomp |
| 11 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 14 meant | punct |
| 12 | some | some | DET | PronType=Ind | 14 meant | nsubj:pass |
| 13 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 14 meant | aux:pass |
| 14 | meant | mean | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 7 meant | parataxis |
| 15 | to | to | PART | _ | 16 hide | mark |
| 16 | hide | hide | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 14 meant | xcomp |
| 17 | or | or | CCONJ | _ | 19 sound | cc |
| 18 | to | to | PART | _ | 19 sound | mark |
| 19 | sound | sound | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 16 hide | conj |
| 20 | tough | tough | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 19 sound | xcomp |
| 21 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 7 meant | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | mean | present · passive | every euphemism for death | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Topic | |||||
| 2 | is not said to happen | to-infinitive | kind property | tree rules | |||||
| 3 | mean | present · passive | some | tree rules | |||||
| 4 | hide not said to happen | to-infinitive | vn concealment-16-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ||||||
| 5 | sound | to-infinitive | tough property | vn stimulus_subject-30.4 «NP V ADJ»: agent=Stimulus |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:euphemisms:002-death-official-and-slang.lesson:0.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×2, R8-pos-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/euphemisms/2-death-official-and-slang/0/