Soft words for hard things: politics and government spin, sentence 0
Governments must explain hard choices, such as cuts, wars and camps, to the people, and soft words make those choices easier to swallow.
Who acts: Governments, soft words · What happens: explain, make, swallow · To what, where: hard choices, people
This is a sentence of the lesson «Soft words for hard things: politics and government spin» of the euphemisms course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Governments, soft words), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Governments | government | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 explain | nsubj |
| 2 | must | must | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 3 explain | aux |
| 3 | explain | explain | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | root | root |
| 4 | hard | hard | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 5 choices | amod |
| 5 | choices | choice | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 explain | obj |
| 6 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 9 cuts | punct |
| 7 | such | such | ADJ | Degree=Pos ExtPos=ADP | 9 cuts | case |
| 8 | as | as | ADP | _ | 7 such | fixed |
| 9 | cuts | cut | NOUN | Number=Plur | 5 choices | nmod |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 11 wars | punct |
| 11 | wars | war | NOUN | Number=Plur | 9 cuts | conj |
| 12 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 13 camps | cc |
| 13 | camps | camp | NOUN | Number=Plur | 11 wars | conj |
| 14 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 17 people | punct |
| 15 | to | to | ADP | _ | 17 people | case |
| 16 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 17 people | det |
| 17 | people | people | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 explain | obl |
| 18 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 22 make | punct |
| 19 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 22 make | cc |
| 20 | soft | soft | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 21 words | amod |
| 21 | words | word | NOUN | Number=Plur | 22 make | nsubj |
| 22 | make | make | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 3 explain | conj |
| 23 | those | that | DET | Number=Plur PronType=Dem | 24 choices | det |
| 24 | choices | choice | NOUN | Number=Plur | 25 easier | obj |
| 25 | easier | easy | ADJ | Degree=Cmp | 22 make | xcomp |
| 26 | to | to | PART | _ | 27 swallow | mark |
| 27 | swallow | swallow | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 25 easier | xcomp |
| 28 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 explain | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- kept the draft
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | explain speech: assert | must | Governments | hard choices | the people | such cuts and wars and camps | vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1 «NP V NP PP.recipient»: agent=Agent choice=Topic to people=Recipient | ||
| 2 | make | present | soft words | easy property | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset | ||||
| 3 | swallow | to-infinitive | soft words not said here | vn hiccup-40.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:euphemisms:024-government-spin.lesson:0.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/euphemisms/24-government-spin/0/