Soft words for hard things: war, the military and violence, sentence 18
"Pre-emptive strike" means attacking first, before the enemy attacks you.
Who acts: Pre-emptive strike, enemy · What happens: mean, attack · To what, where: you
This is a sentence of the lesson «Soft words for hard things: war, the military and violence» of the euphemisms course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Pre-emptive strike, enemy), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 3 strike | punct |
| 2 | Pre-emptive | pre-emptive | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 3 strike | amod |
| 3 | strike | strike | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 means | nsubj |
| 4 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 3 strike | punct |
| 5 | means | mean | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 6 | attacking | attack | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 5 means | xcomp |
| 7 | first | first | ADV | NumForm=Word NumType=Ord | 6 attacking | advmod |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 12 attacks | punct |
| 9 | before | before | SCONJ | _ | 12 attacks | mark |
| 10 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 11 enemy | det |
| 11 | enemy | enemy | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 attacks | nsubj |
| 12 | attacks | attack | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 6 attacking | advcl |
| 13 | you | you | PRON | Case=Acc Person=2 PronType=Prs | 12 attacks | obj |
| 14 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 5 means | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- kept the draft
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | mean | present | Pre-emptive strike | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | |||||
| 2 | attack not said to happen | gerund | Pre-emptive strike not said here | first property | vn attack-60.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 3 | attack | present | the enemy | you | vn attack-60.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent you=Patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:euphemisms:026-war-and-the-military.lesson:18.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/euphemisms/26-war-and-the-military/18/