Soft words for hard things: war, the military and violence, sentence 3
A vivid example: "We degraded the enemy's capability" can mean "we bombed them and many people died".
Who acts: We, vivid example, many people · What happens: degrade, mean, bomb, die · To what, where: capability, words · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of the lesson «Soft words for hard things: war, the military and violence» of the euphemisms course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (We, vivid example, many people), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | A | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 3 example | det |
| 2 | vivid | vivid | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 3 example | amod |
| 3 | example | example | NOUN | Number=Sing | 14 mean | nsubj |
| 4 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 7 degraded | punct |
| 5 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 7 degraded | punct |
| 6 | We | we | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs | 7 degraded | nsubj |
| 7 | degraded | degrade | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 14 mean | ccomp |
| 8 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 9 enemy | det |
| 9 | enemy | enemy | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 capability | nmod:poss |
| 10 | 's | 's | PART | _ | 9 enemy | case |
| 11 | capability | capability | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 degraded | obj |
| 12 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 7 degraded | punct |
| 13 | can | can | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 14 mean | aux |
| 14 | mean | mean | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | root | root |
| 15 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 17 bombed | punct |
| 16 | we | we | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs | 17 bombed | nsubj |
| 17 | bombed | bomb | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 14 mean | ccomp |
| 18 | them | they | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 17 bombed | obj |
| 19 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 22 died | cc |
| 20 | many | many | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 21 people | amod |
| 21 | people | people | NOUN | Number=Plur | 22 died | nsubj |
| 22 | died | die | VERB | Mood=Ind Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 17 bombed | conj |
| 23 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 17 bombed | punct |
| 24 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 14 mean | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | degrade in a quote | past | We | the enemy's capability | vn other_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent capability=Patient | ||||
| 2 | mean | can | a vivid example | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | |||||
| 3 | bomb in a quote | past | we | words = word | vn attack-60.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent they=Patient | ||||
| 4 | die in a quote | past | many people | vn calibratable_cos-45.6.1 «NP.attribute V»: agent=Attribute |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:euphemisms:026-war-and-the-military.lesson:3.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R6-punct-agree ×2. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/euphemisms/26-war-and-the-military/3/