Soft words for hard things: crime, prison and the police and lying and honesty, sentence 1
Officials use long words that sound like paperwork: stealing money becomes "misappropriation of funds", fraud becomes "irregularities", a lie becomes an "inoperative statement".
Who acts: Officials, long words, stealing, fraud, lie · What happens: use, sound, steal, become, misappropriate · To what, where: long words, money, misappropriation, irregularities, inoperative statement, funds
This is a sentence of the lesson «Soft words for hard things: crime, prison and the police and lying and honesty» of the euphemisms course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Officials, long words, stealing, fraud), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Officials | official | NOUN | Number=Plur | 2 use | nsubj |
| 2 | use | use | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | long | long | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 4 words | amod |
| 4 | words | word | NOUN | Number=Plur | 2 use | obj |
| 5 | that | that | PRON | PronType=Rel | 6 sound | nsubj |
| 6 | sound | sound | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 4 words | acl:relcl |
| 7 | like | like | ADP | _ | 8 paperwork | case |
| 8 | paperwork | paperwork | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 sound | obl |
| 9 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 12 becomes | punct |
| 10 | stealing | steal | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 12 becomes | csubj |
| 11 | money | money | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 stealing | obj |
| 12 | becomes | become | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 2 use | conj |
| 13 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 14 misappropriation | punct |
| 14 | misappropriation | misappropriation | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 becomes | xcomp |
| 15 | of | of | ADP | _ | 16 funds | case |
| 16 | funds | fund | NOUN | Number=Plur | 14 misappropriation | nmod |
| 17 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 14 misappropriation | punct |
| 18 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 20 becomes | punct |
| 19 | fraud | fraud | NOUN | Number=Sing | 20 becomes | nsubj |
| 20 | becomes | become | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 2 use | parataxis |
| 21 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 22 irregularities | punct |
| 22 | irregularities | irregularity | NOUN | Number=Plur | 20 becomes | xcomp |
| 23 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 22 irregularities | punct |
| 24 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 27 becomes | punct |
| 25 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 26 lie | det |
| 26 | lie | lie | NOUN | Number=Sing | 27 becomes | nsubj |
| 27 | becomes | become | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 2 use | parataxis |
| 28 | an | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 31 statement | det |
| 29 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 31 statement | punct |
| 30 | inoperative | inoperative | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 31 statement | amod |
| 31 | statement | statement | NOUN | Number=Sing | 27 becomes | xcomp |
| 32 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 31 statement | punct |
| 33 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 use | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | use | present | Officials | long words | vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent word=Patient | ||||
| 2 | sound | present | long words | like paperwork | vn stimulus_subject-30.4 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Stimulus | ||||
| 3 | steal | gerund | money | vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location money=Theme | |||||
| 4 | become | present | stealing | misappropriation of funds | vn become-109.1-1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient | ||||
| 5 | become | present | fraud | irregularities | vn become-109.1-1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient | ||||
| 6 | become | present | a lie | a inoperative statement | vn become-109.1-1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient | ||||
| 7 | misappropriate in a quote | funds | nom misappropriation «act transitive»: of=patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:euphemisms:028-stealing-and-lying.lesson:1.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/euphemisms/28-stealing-and-lying/1/