Soft words for hard things: death and dying, illness and the body, sentence 0
Euphemisms for death have many jobs: they comfort a family, honour soldiers, sell funerals and make dark jokes.
Who acts: Euphemisms · What happens: have, comfort, honour, sell, make · To what, where: many jobs, family, soldiers, funerals, dark jokes
This is a sentence of the lesson «Soft words for hard things: death and dying, illness and the body» of the euphemisms course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Euphemisms), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Euphemisms | euphemism | NOUN | Number=Plur | 4 have | nsubj |
| 2 | for | for | ADP | _ | 3 death | case |
| 3 | death | death | NOUN | Number=Sing | 1 Euphemisms | nmod |
| 4 | have | have | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 5 | many | many | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 6 jobs | amod |
| 6 | jobs | job | NOUN | Number=Plur | 4 have | obj |
| 7 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 9 comfort | punct |
| 8 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 9 comfort | nsubj |
| 9 | comfort | comfort | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 4 have | parataxis |
| 10 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 11 family | det |
| 11 | family | family | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 comfort | obj |
| 12 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 14 soldiers | punct |
| 13 | honour | honour | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 4 have | conj |
| 14 | soldiers | soldier | NOUN | Number=Plur | 13 honour | obj |
| 15 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 16 sell | punct |
| 16 | sell | sell | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 4 have | conj |
| 17 | funerals | funeral | NOUN | Number=Plur | 16 sell | obj |
| 18 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 19 make | cc |
| 19 | make | make | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 16 sell | conj |
| 20 | dark | dark | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 21 jokes | amod |
| 21 | jokes | joke | NOUN | Number=Plur | 19 make | obj |
| 22 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 have | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | have | present | Euphemisms for death | many jobs | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent job=Patient | ||||
| 2 | comfort | present | Euphemisms = euphemism | a family | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus family=Experiencer | ||||
| 3 | honour | present | Euphemisms for death not said here | soldiers | tree rules | ||||
| 4 | sell | present | Euphemisms for death not said here | funerals | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent funeral=Theme | ||||
| 5 | make | present | Euphemisms for death not said here | dark jokes | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset joke=Product |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:euphemisms:003-death-and-feeling-poorly.lesson:0.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×1, R8-pos-agree ×3. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/euphemisms/3-death-and-feeling-poorly/0/