Soft words for hard things: drinking and drugs and religion and fate, sentence 17
"An act of God", in insurance (paying a company so that it pays you if your things are damaged) and contracts, means a natural disaster such as a flood or storm that nobody can be blamed or made to pay for.
Who acts: insurance, company, act, flood, God · What happens: pay, damage, mean, blame, make, act · To what, where: company, you, things, natural disaster, nobody
This is a sentence of the lesson «Soft words for hard things: drinking and drugs and religion and fate» of the euphemisms course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (insurance, company, act, flood), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 3 act | punct |
| 2 | An | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 3 act | det |
| 3 | act | act | NOUN | Number=Sing | 28 means | nsubj |
| 4 | of | of | ADP | _ | 5 God | case |
| 5 | God | God | PROPN | Number=Sing | 3 act | nmod |
| 6 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 5 God | punct |
| 7 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 9 insurance | punct |
| 8 | in | in | ADP | _ | 9 insurance | case |
| 9 | insurance | insurance | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 act | conj |
| 10 | ( | ( | PUNCT | _ | 11 paying | punct |
| 11 | paying | pay | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 9 insurance | acl |
| 12 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 13 company | det |
| 13 | company | company | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 paying | obj |
| 14 | so | so | SCONJ | ExtPos=SCONJ | 17 pays | mark |
| 15 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 14 so | fixed |
| 16 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 17 pays | nsubj |
| 17 | pays | pay | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 11 paying | advcl |
| 18 | you | you | PRON | Case=Acc Person=2 PronType=Prs | 17 pays | obj |
| 19 | if | if | SCONJ | _ | 23 damaged | mark |
| 20 | your | your | PRON | Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 21 things | nmod:poss |
| 21 | things | thing | NOUN | Number=Plur | 23 damaged | nsubj:pass |
| 22 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 23 damaged | aux:pass |
| 23 | damaged | damage | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 17 pays | advcl |
| 24 | ) | ) | PUNCT | _ | 23 damaged | punct |
| 25 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 26 contracts | cc |
| 26 | contracts | contract | NOUN | Number=Plur | 23 damaged | conj |
| 27 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 28 means | punct |
| 28 | means | mean | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 29 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 31 disaster | det |
| 30 | natural | natural | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 31 disaster | amod |
| 31 | disaster | disaster | NOUN | Number=Sing | 28 means | obj |
| 32 | such | such | ADJ | Degree=Pos ExtPos=ADP | 35 flood | case |
| 33 | as | as | ADP | _ | 32 such | fixed |
| 34 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 35 flood | det |
| 35 | flood | flood | NOUN | Number=Sing | 31 disaster | nmod |
| 36 | or | or | CCONJ | _ | 37 storm | cc |
| 37 | storm | storm | NOUN | Number=Sing | 35 flood | conj |
| 38 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 42 blamed | mark |
| 39 | nobody | nobody | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Neg | 42 blamed | nsubj:pass |
| 40 | can | can | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 42 blamed | aux |
| 41 | be | be | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 42 blamed | aux:pass |
| 42 | blamed | blame | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 35 flood | acl:relcl |
| 43 | or | or | CCONJ | _ | 44 made | cc |
| 44 | made | make | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 42 blamed | conj |
| 45 | to | to | PART | _ | 46 pay | mark |
| 46 | pay | pay | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 42 blamed | xcomp |
| 47 | for | for | ADP | _ | 46 pay | obl |
| 48 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 28 means | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | pay | gerund | insurance not said here | a company | vn pay-68-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent company=Asset | ||||
| 2 | pay | present | company | you | vn pay-68-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent you=Asset | ||||
| 3 | damage a condition, not said to happen | present · passive | your things | vn destroy-44 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient | |||||
| 4 | mean | present | a act of God and insurance | a natural disaster | such a flood or storm | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent disaster=Topic | |||
| 5 | blame | can · passive | a flood or storm not said here | nobody | tree rules | ||||
| 6 | make | participle | a flood or storm not said here | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset | |||||
| 7 | pay | to-infinitive | a flood or storm not said here | vn pay-68-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 8 | act in a quote | God | nom act «communication intransitive»: of=agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:euphemisms:031-drinking-drugs-religion-fate.lesson:17.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×3, R6-punct-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
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