Soft words for hard things: religion and fate and failure and mistakes, sentence 16
"Lapsed", as in "a lapsed Catholic", means no longer practising one's religion (following its prayers, services and rules).
Who acts: religion · What happens: lapse, mean, practise, follow, pray · To what, where: lapsed Catholic, religion, prayers · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of the lesson «Soft words for hard things: religion and fate and failure and mistakes» of the euphemisms course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (religion), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 2 Lapsed | punct |
| 2 | Lapsed | lapse | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 13 means | nsubj |
| 3 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 2 Lapsed | punct |
| 4 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 13 means | punct |
| 5 | as | as | SCONJ | _ | 13 means | mark |
| 6 | in | in | ADP | _ | 10 Catholic | case |
| 7 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 10 Catholic | punct |
| 8 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 10 Catholic | det |
| 9 | lapsed | lapse | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 10 Catholic | amod |
| 10 | Catholic | Catholic | PROPN | Number=Sing | 13 means | obl |
| 11 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 10 Catholic | punct |
| 12 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 10 Catholic | punct |
| 13 | means | mean | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 14 | no | no | ADV | _ | 15 longer | advmod |
| 15 | longer | long | ADV | Degree=Cmp | 16 practising | advmod |
| 16 | practising | practise | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 13 means | ccomp |
| 17 | one | one | PRON | Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 19 religion | nmod:poss |
| 18 | 's | 's | PART | _ | 17 one | case |
| 19 | religion | religion | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 practising | obj |
| 20 | ( | ( | PUNCT | _ | 21 following | punct |
| 21 | following | follow | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 13 means | parataxis |
| 22 | its | its | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 23 prayers | nmod:poss |
| 23 | prayers | prayer | NOUN | Number=Plur | 21 following | obj |
| 24 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 25 services | punct |
| 25 | services | service | NOUN | Number=Plur | 23 prayers | conj |
| 26 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 27 rules | cc |
| 27 | rules | rule | NOUN | Number=Plur | 23 prayers | conj |
| 28 | ) | ) | PUNCT | _ | 21 following | punct |
| 29 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 13 means | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- kept the draft
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | lapse in a quote | participle | vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||||
| 2 | lapse in a quote | participle | vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||||
| 3 | mean | present | a lapsed Catholic | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | |||||
| 4 | practise | gerund | one's religion | long property | tree rules | ||||
| 5 | follow | gerund | religion's prayers and services and rules | vn chase-51.6 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent prayer=Theme | |||||
| 6 | pray | religion | nom prayer «act intransitive»: poss=agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:euphemisms:032-religion-fate-failure.lesson:16.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R6-punct-agree ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1, R8-pos-agree ×3. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/euphemisms/32-religion-fate-failure/16/