Soft words for hard things: stupidity and madness and rudeness and swearing, sentence 24
"Darn" is a mild word used instead of the swear word "damn".
Who acts: Darn · What happens: be, use, swear · To what, where: mild word
This is a sentence of the lesson «Soft words for hard things: stupidity and madness and rudeness and swearing» of the euphemisms course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Darn), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 2 Darn | punct |
| 2 | Darn | darn | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 word | nsubj |
| 3 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 2 Darn | punct |
| 4 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 7 word | cop |
| 5 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 7 word | det |
| 6 | mild | mild | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 7 word | amod |
| 7 | word | word | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 8 | used | use | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 7 word | acl |
| 9 | instead | instead | ADV | ExtPos=ADP | 13 word | case |
| 10 | of | of | ADP | _ | 9 instead | fixed |
| 11 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 13 word | det |
| 12 | swear | swear | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 13 word | compound |
| 13 | word | word | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 used | obl |
| 14 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 15 damn | punct |
| 15 | damn | damn | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 word | appos |
| 16 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 15 damn | punct |
| 17 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 7 word | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is a | present | Darn | a mild word | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | use | participle | a mild word not said here | instead the swear word | vn eat-39.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 3 | swear | infinitive | vn conjecture-29.5 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:euphemisms:037-bats-and-gosh.lesson:24.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/euphemisms/37-bats-and-gosh/24/