Soft words for hard things: rudeness and swearing, sentence 18
"Excuse my language" is a polite way of saying "sorry for swearing".
Who acts: polite way · What happens: excuse, be, say, swear · To what, where: language, polite way · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of the lesson «Soft words for hard things: rudeness and swearing» of the euphemisms course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (polite way), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 2 Excuse | punct |
| 2 | Excuse | excuse | VERB | Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin | 9 way | nsubj |
| 3 | my | my | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 4 language | nmod:poss |
| 4 | language | language | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 Excuse | obj |
| 5 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 2 Excuse | punct |
| 6 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 9 way | cop |
| 7 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 9 way | det |
| 8 | polite | polite | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 9 way | amod |
| 9 | way | way | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 10 | of | of | SCONJ | _ | 11 saying | mark |
| 11 | saying | say | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 9 way | acl |
| 12 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 13 sorry | punct |
| 13 | sorry | sorry | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 11 saying | ccomp |
| 14 | for | for | SCONJ | _ | 15 swearing | mark |
| 15 | swearing | swear | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 13 sorry | advcl |
| 16 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 15 swearing | punct |
| 17 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 9 way | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | excuse in a quote | infinitive | my language | vn judgment-33.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent language=Theme | |||||
| 2 | is a | present | a polite way | tree rules | |||||
| 3 | say speech: assert | gerund | a polite way not said here | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 4 | swear in a quote | gerund | a polite way not said here | vn conjecture-29.5 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:euphemisms:039-pardon-my-french.lesson:18.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R6-punct-agree ×1, R8-pos-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/euphemisms/39-pardon-my-french/18/