Soft words for hard things: rudeness and swearing, sentence 5
And there are the softened swear words themselves: "ruddy", "bloomin'" and "flaming" for "bloody", "feck" in Ireland for the f-word, and "fiddlesticks" or "bother" from grannies who never swear at all.
Who acts: softened swear words, grannies · What happens: be, soften, not swear · To what, where: all
This is a sentence of the lesson «Soft words for hard things: rudeness and swearing» of the euphemisms course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (softened swear words, grannies), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | And | and | CCONJ | _ | 3 are | cc |
| 2 | there | there | PRON | PronType=Dem | 3 are | expl |
| 3 | are | be | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 7 words | det |
| 5 | softened | soften | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 7 words | amod |
| 6 | swear | swear | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 words | compound |
| 7 | words | word | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 are | nsubj |
| 8 | themselves | themselves | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Emp Reflex=Yes | 7 words | nmod:unmarked |
| 9 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 11 ruddy | punct |
| 10 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 11 ruddy | punct |
| 11 | ruddy | ruddy | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 7 words | appos |
| 12 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 11 ruddy | punct |
| 13 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 15 bloomin | punct |
| 14 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 15 bloomin | punct |
| 15 | bloomin | bloomin | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 ruddy | conj |
| 16 | ' | ' | PUNCT | _ | 15 bloomin | punct |
| 17 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 15 bloomin | punct |
| 18 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 20 flaming | cc |
| 19 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 20 flaming | punct |
| 20 | flaming | flaming | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 ruddy | conj |
| 21 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 20 flaming | punct |
| 22 | for | for | ADP | _ | 24 bloody | case |
| 23 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 24 bloody | punct |
| 24 | bloody | bloody | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 20 flaming | obl |
| 25 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 24 bloody | punct |
| 26 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 28 feck | punct |
| 27 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 28 feck | punct |
| 28 | feck | feck | NOUN | Number=Sing | 20 flaming | parataxis |
| 29 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 28 feck | punct |
| 30 | in | in | ADP | _ | 31 Ireland | case |
| 31 | Ireland | Ireland | PROPN | Number=Sing | 28 feck | nmod |
| 32 | for | for | ADP | _ | 36 word | case |
| 33 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 36 word | det |
| 34 | f | f | NOUN | Number=Sing | 36 word | compound |
| 35 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 34 f | punct |
| 36 | word | word | NOUN | Number=Sing | 20 flaming | obl |
| 37 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 40 fiddlesticks | punct |
| 38 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 40 fiddlesticks | cc |
| 39 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 40 fiddlesticks | punct |
| 40 | fiddlesticks | fiddlestick | NOUN | Number=Plur | 11 ruddy | conj |
| 41 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 40 fiddlesticks | punct |
| 42 | or | or | CCONJ | _ | 44 bother | cc |
| 43 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 44 bother | punct |
| 44 | bother | bother | NOUN | Number=Sing | 40 fiddlesticks | conj |
| 45 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 44 bother | punct |
| 46 | from | from | ADP | _ | 47 grannies | case |
| 47 | grannies | grannie | NOUN | Number=Plur | 40 fiddlesticks | nmod |
| 48 | who | who | PRON | PronType=Rel | 50 swear | nsubj |
| 49 | never | never | ADV | PronType=Neg | 50 swear | advmod |
| 50 | swear | swear | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 47 grannies | acl:relcl |
| 51 | at | at | ADP | _ | 52 all | case |
| 52 | all | all | DET | PronType=Tot | 50 swear | obl |
| 53 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 are | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | does | present | the softened swear words words | there | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 2 | soften | participle | vn other_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient | ||||||
| 3 | not swear | present | grannies | all | vn conjecture-29.5 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:euphemisms:039-pardon-my-french.lesson:5.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R3-conj-first ×1, R5-strong ×2, R6-punct-agree ×1, R8-pos-agree ×2. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/euphemisms/39-pardon-my-french/5/