Olympiad: reading between the lines ★★★, sentence 4
Picture a letter home that says "Josh is a natural leader and an enthusiastic contributor": his teacher is gently telling his parents that Josh is bossy and shouts out answers.
Who acts: you, letter home, Josh, teacher, answers · What happens: picture, say, be, tell, shout out · To what, where: letter home, natural leader, parents · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of the lesson «Olympiad: reading between the lines ★★★» of the euphemisms course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (you, letter home, Josh, teacher), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Picture | picture | VERB | Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 2 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 4 home | det |
| 3 | letter | letter | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 home | compound |
| 4 | home | home | NOUN | Number=Sing | 1 Picture | obj |
| 5 | that | that | PRON | PronType=Rel | 6 says | nsubj |
| 6 | says | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 4 home | acl:relcl |
| 7 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 12 leader | punct |
| 8 | Josh | Josh | PROPN | Number=Sing | 12 leader | nsubj |
| 9 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 12 leader | cop |
| 10 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 12 leader | det |
| 11 | natural | natural | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 12 leader | amod |
| 12 | leader | leader | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 says | ccomp |
| 13 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 16 contributor | cc |
| 14 | an | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 16 contributor | det |
| 15 | enthusiastic | enthusiastic | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 16 contributor | amod |
| 16 | contributor | contributor | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 leader | conj |
| 17 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 12 leader | punct |
| 18 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 1 Picture | punct |
| 19 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 20 teacher | nmod:poss |
| 20 | teacher | teacher | NOUN | Number=Sing | 23 telling | nsubj |
| 21 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 23 telling | aux |
| 22 | gently | gently | ADV | _ | 23 telling | advmod |
| 23 | telling | tell | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 1 Picture | parataxis |
| 24 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 25 parents | nmod:poss |
| 25 | parents | parent | NOUN | Number=Plur | 23 telling | obj |
| 26 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 29 bossy | mark |
| 27 | Josh | Josh | PROPN | Number=Sing | 29 bossy | nsubj |
| 28 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 29 bossy | cop |
| 29 | bossy | bossy | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 23 telling | ccomp |
| 30 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 31 shouts | cc |
| 31 | shouts | shout | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 29 bossy | conj |
| 32 | out | out | ADP | _ | 31 shouts | compound:prt |
| 33 | answers | answer | NOUN | Number=Plur | 31 shouts | obj |
| 34 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 1 Picture | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- changed voice=narrator
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | picture | imperative | you not said here | a letter home | vn characterize-29.2 «NP V NP S_ING»: agent=Agent home=Theme | ||||
| 2 | say speech: assert | present | a letter home | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 3 | is a in a quote | present | Josh | a natural leader and a enthusiastic contributor | tree rules | ||||
| 4 | tell speech: assert | present · progressive | Josh's teacher | Josh's parents | gently property | vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent parent=Recipient | |||
| 5 | is | present | Josh | bossy property | tree rules | ||||
| 6 | shout out speech: express | present | answers | vn manner_speaking-37.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:euphemisms:042-olympiad-reading-between-the-lines.lesson:4.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R6-punct-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/euphemisms/42-olympiad-reading-between-the-lines/4/