Soft words for hard things: the toilet and bodily functions, sentence 0
Almost every language has soft words for the toilet, because people feel shy about saying what they are going to do there.
Who acts: language, people · What happens: have, feel, say, go, do · To what, where: soft words · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of the lesson «Soft words for hard things: the toilet and bodily functions» of the euphemisms course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (language, people), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Almost | almost | ADV | _ | 2 every | advmod |
| 2 | every | every | DET | PronType=Tot | 3 language | det |
| 3 | language | language | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 has | nsubj |
| 4 | has | have | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 5 | soft | soft | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 6 words | amod |
| 6 | words | word | NOUN | Number=Plur | 4 has | obj |
| 7 | for | for | ADP | _ | 9 toilet | case |
| 8 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 9 toilet | det |
| 9 | toilet | toilet | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 words | nmod |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 13 feel | punct |
| 11 | because | because | SCONJ | _ | 13 feel | mark |
| 12 | people | people | NOUN | Number=Plur | 13 feel | nsubj |
| 13 | feel | feel | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 4 has | advcl |
| 14 | shy | shy | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 13 feel | xcomp |
| 15 | about | about | SCONJ | _ | 16 saying | mark |
| 16 | saying | say | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 14 shy | advcl |
| 17 | what | what | PRON | PronType=Int | 22 do | obj |
| 18 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 20 going | nsubj |
| 19 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 20 going | aux |
| 20 | going | go | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 16 saying | ccomp |
| 21 | to | to | PART | _ | 22 do | mark |
| 22 | do | do | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 20 going | xcomp |
| 23 | there | there | ADV | PronType=Dem | 22 do | advmod |
| 24 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 has | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- changed act=assert
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | have | present | every language | soft words | for the toilet | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent word=Patient | |||
| 2 | feel | present | people | shy property | vn stimulus_subject-30.4 «NP V ADJ»: agent=Stimulus | ||||
| 3 | say speech: assert | gerund | people not said here | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | |||||
| 4 | go | present · progressive | people | vn say-37.7 «NP V S-Quote»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | |||||
| 5 | do | to-infinitive | people not said here | there | vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent what=Eventuality |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:euphemisms:006-toilet-words.lesson:0.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/euphemisms/6-toilet-words/0/