Soft words for hard things: the toilet and bodily functions and age and looks, sentence 21

"Long in the tooth" is a joking way to say old; old horses' gums shrink, so their teeth look long.

Who acts: Long, gums, teeth · What happens: joke, be, say, shrink, look · To what, where: joking way · Speech: someone speaks here

This is a sentence of the lesson «Soft words for hard things: the toilet and bodily functions and age and looks» of the euphemisms course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Long, gums, teeth), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	"	"	PUNCT	_	10 way	punct
2	Long	long	ADJ	Degree=Pos	10 way	nsubj
3	in	in	ADP	_	5 tooth	case
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 tooth	det
5	tooth	tooth	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 Long	obl
6	"	"	PUNCT	_	2 Long	punct
7	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	10 way	cop
8	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	10 way	det
9	joking	joke	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	10 way	amod
10	way	way	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
11	to	to	PART	_	12 say	mark
12	say	say	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	10 way	acl
13	old	old	ADJ	Degree=Pos	12 say	xcomp
14	;	;	PUNCT	_	19 shrink	punct
15	old	old	ADJ	Degree=Pos	16 horses	amod
16	horses	horse	NOUN	Number=Plur	18 gums	nmod:poss
17	'	's	PART	_	16 horses	case
18	gums	gum	NOUN	Number=Plur	19 shrink	nsubj
19	shrink	shrink	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	10 way	parataxis
20	,	,	PUNCT	_	24 look	punct
21	so	so	ADV	_	24 look	advmod
22	their	their	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	23 teeth	nmod:poss
23	teeth	tooth	NOUN	Number=Plur	24 look	nsubj
24	look	look	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	19 shrink	conj
25	long	long	ADJ	Degree=Pos	24 look	xcomp
26	.	.	PUNCT	_	10 way	punct

Pragmatics

No stored speech act for this sentence.

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	joke speech: other	gerund				vn chit_chat-37.6 «NP V»: agent=Agent
2	is a	present	Long	a joking way		tree rules
3	say speech: assert	to-infinitive			old property	vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent
4	shrink	present	old horses's gums			vn bend-45.2 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient
5	look	present	gums's teeth		long property	vn stimulus_subject-30.4 «NP V ADJ»: agent=Stimulus

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:euphemisms:008-toilets-and-getting-older.lesson:21.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R6-punct-agree ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/euphemisms/8-toilets-and-getting-older/21/