Babies, button batteries and magnets, sentence 0
A baby's body is still weak in places: its neck cannot hold up its heavy head, and its brain can be badly hurt by shaking, so babies are handled only gently and only with a grown-up's say-so.
Who acts: body, neck, grown up · What happens: be, not hold up, hurt, shake, handle, grow · To what, where: places, heavy head, brain, babies · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of the lesson «Babies, button batteries and magnets» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (body, neck, grown up), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | A | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 2 baby | det |
| 2 | baby | baby | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 body | nmod:poss |
| 3 | 's | 's | PART | _ | 2 baby | case |
| 4 | body | body | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 weak | nsubj |
| 5 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 7 weak | cop |
| 6 | still | still | ADV | _ | 7 weak | advmod |
| 7 | weak | weak | ADJ | Degree=Pos | root | root |
| 8 | in | in | ADP | _ | 9 places | case |
| 9 | places | place | NOUN | Number=Plur | 7 weak | obl |
| 10 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 15 hold | punct |
| 11 | its | its | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 12 neck | nmod:poss |
| 12 | neck | neck | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 hold | nsubj |
| 13 | can | can | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 15 hold | aux |
| 14 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 15 hold | advmod |
| 15 | hold | hold | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 7 weak | conj |
| 16 | up | up | ADP | _ | 15 hold | compound:prt |
| 17 | its | its | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 19 head | nmod:poss |
| 18 | heavy | heavy | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 19 head | amod |
| 19 | head | head | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 hold | obj |
| 20 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 27 hurt | punct |
| 21 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 27 hurt | cc |
| 22 | its | its | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 23 brain | nmod:poss |
| 23 | brain | brain | NOUN | Number=Sing | 27 hurt | nsubj:pass |
| 24 | can | can | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 27 hurt | aux |
| 25 | be | be | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 27 hurt | aux:pass |
| 26 | badly | badly | ADV | Degree=Pos | 27 hurt | advmod |
| 27 | hurt | hurt | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 15 hold | conj |
| 28 | by | by | SCONJ | _ | 29 shaking | mark |
| 29 | shaking | shake | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 27 hurt | advcl |
| 30 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 34 handled | punct |
| 31 | so | so | ADV | _ | 34 handled | advmod |
| 32 | babies | baby | NOUN | Number=Plur | 34 handled | nsubj:pass |
| 33 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 34 handled | aux:pass |
| 34 | handled | handle | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 29 shaking | conj |
| 35 | only | only | ADV | _ | 36 gently | advmod |
| 36 | gently | gently | ADV | _ | 34 handled | advmod |
| 37 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 36 gently | cc |
| 38 | only | only | ADV | _ | 36 gently | conj |
| 39 | with | with | ADP | _ | 45 say | case |
| 40 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 43 up | det |
| 41 | grown | grow | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 43 up | amod |
| 42 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 41 grown | punct |
| 43 | up | up | NOUN | Number=Sing | 45 say | nmod:poss |
| 44 | 's | 's | PART | _ | 43 up | case |
| 45 | say | say | NOUN | Number=Sing | 34 handled | obl |
| 46 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 47 so | punct |
| 47 | so | so | ADV | _ | 34 handled | advmod |
| 48 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 7 weak | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is | present | a baby's body | places | still | weak property | tree rules | ||
| 2 | not hold up | can | body's neck | body's heavy head | vn support-15.3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot head=Theme | ||||
| 3 | hurt | can · passive | body's brain | badly property | vn hurt-40.8.3-2 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient | ||||
| 4 | shake | gerund | vn shake-22.3-2 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Patient | ||||||
| 5 | handle | present · passive | babies | with a grown up's say; gently property | vn confront-98 «NP V NP PP.instrument»: subject=Theme with say=Instrument | ||||
| 6 | grow | participle | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||||
| 7 | say | a grown up | nom say «state intransitive»: poss=agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:everyday:113-babies-batteries-and-magnets.lesson:0.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R1-cc-next ×1, R5-strong ×2, R6-punct-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/everyday/113-babies-batteries-and-magnets/0/