Handshakes, waves and greetings around the world, sentence 3
Greetings differ around the world: people in Japan bow, adults in France, Italy and Spain often greet with cheek kisses, and in New Zealand people say "Kia ora" and may share a hongi, pressing noses and foreheads.
Who acts: Greetings, people, adults, Zealand people · What happens: differ, bow, greet, say, share, press · To what, where: world, Kia, hongi, noses · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of the lesson «Handshakes, waves and greetings around the world» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Greetings, people, adults, Zealand people), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Greetings | greeting | NOUN | Number=Plur | 2 differ | nsubj |
| 2 | differ | differ | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | around | around | ADP | _ | 5 world | case |
| 4 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 5 world | det |
| 5 | world | world | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 differ | obl |
| 6 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 10 bow | punct |
| 7 | people | people | NOUN | Number=Plur | 10 bow | nsubj |
| 8 | in | in | ADP | _ | 9 Japan | case |
| 9 | Japan | Japan | PROPN | Number=Sing | 7 people | nmod |
| 10 | bow | bow | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 2 differ | parataxis |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 12 adults | punct |
| 12 | adults | adult | NOUN | Number=Plur | 10 bow | conj |
| 13 | in | in | ADP | _ | 14 France | case |
| 14 | France | France | PROPN | Number=Sing | 12 adults | nmod |
| 15 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 16 Italy | punct |
| 16 | Italy | Italy | PROPN | Number=Sing | 14 France | conj |
| 17 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 18 Spain | cc |
| 18 | Spain | Spain | PROPN | Number=Sing | 14 France | conj |
| 19 | often | often | ADV | _ | 20 greet | advmod |
| 20 | greet | greet | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 12 adults | acl |
| 21 | with | with | ADP | _ | 23 kisses | case |
| 22 | cheek | cheek | NOUN | Number=Sing | 23 kisses | compound |
| 23 | kisses | kiss | NOUN | Number=Plur | 20 greet | obl |
| 24 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 30 say | punct |
| 25 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 30 say | cc |
| 26 | in | in | ADP | _ | 29 people | case |
| 27 | New | New | PROPN | Number=Sing | 28 Zealand | flat |
| 28 | Zealand | Zealand | PROPN | Number=Sing | 29 people | compound |
| 29 | people | people | NOUN | Number=Plur | 30 say | nsubj |
| 30 | say | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 10 bow | conj |
| 31 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 32 Kia | punct |
| 32 | Kia | Kia | PROPN | Number=Sing | 30 say | obj |
| 33 | ora | ora | PROPN | Number=Sing | 32 Kia | flat |
| 34 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 33 ora | punct |
| 35 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 37 share | cc |
| 36 | may | may | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 37 share | aux |
| 37 | share | share | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 30 say | conj |
| 38 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 39 hongi | det |
| 39 | hongi | hongi | NOUN | Number=Sing | 37 share | obj |
| 40 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 41 pressing | punct |
| 41 | pressing | press | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 37 share | advcl |
| 42 | noses | nose | NOUN | Number=Plur | 41 pressing | obj |
| 43 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 44 foreheads | cc |
| 44 | foreheads | forehead | NOUN | Number=Plur | 42 noses | conj |
| 45 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 differ | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- changed voice=narrator
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | differ | present | Greetings | the world | vn correspond-36.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 2 | bow | present | people in Japan | vn acquiesce-95.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 3 | greet speech: greet | infinitive | adults in France and Italy and Spain not said here | with cheek kisses; often property | vn judgment-33.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 4 | say speech: assert | present | Zealand people | Kia | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: agent=Agent kia=Topic | ||||
| 5 | share | may | Zealand people not said here | a hongi | tree rules | ||||
| 6 | press | gerund | Zealand people not said here | noses and foreheads | vn push-12-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent nose=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:everyday:124-handshakes-waves-and-local-customs.lesson:3.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R6-punct-agree ×1, R8-pos-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/everyday/124-handshakes-waves-and-local-customs/3/