Handshakes, waves and greetings around the world, sentence 7
If you have a cold, you explain and wave instead of shaking hands, because germs spread through hands.
Who acts: you, germs · What happens: have, explain, wave, shake, spread · To what, where: cold, hands
This is a sentence of the lesson «Handshakes, waves and greetings around the world» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (you, germs), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | If | if | SCONJ | _ | 3 have | mark |
| 2 | you | you | PRON | Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs | 3 have | nsubj |
| 3 | have | have | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 8 explain | advcl |
| 4 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 5 cold | det |
| 5 | cold | cold | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 have | obj |
| 6 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 3 have | punct |
| 7 | you | you | PRON | Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs | 8 explain | nsubj |
| 8 | explain | explain | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 9 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 10 wave | cc |
| 10 | wave | wave | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 8 explain | conj |
| 11 | instead | instead | ADV | ExtPos=ADP | 10 wave | advmod |
| 12 | of | of | ADP | _ | 11 instead | fixed |
| 13 | shaking | shake | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 10 wave | obl |
| 14 | hands | hand | NOUN | Number=Plur | 13 shaking | obj |
| 15 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 18 spread | punct |
| 16 | because | because | SCONJ | ExtPos=ADP | 18 spread | mark |
| 17 | germs | germ | NOUN | Number=Plur | 18 spread | nsubj |
| 18 | spread | spread | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 8 explain | advcl |
| 19 | through | through | ADP | _ | 20 hands | case |
| 20 | hands | hand | NOUN | Number=Plur | 18 spread | obl |
| 21 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 8 explain | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | have a condition, not said to happen | present | you | a cold | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent cold=Patient | ||||
| 2 | explain speech: assert | present | you | vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 3 | wave | present | you not said here | instead property | vn wink-40.3.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 4 | shake | gerund | hands | vn shake-22.3-2 «NP V NP together»: agent=Agent hand=Patient | |||||
| 5 | spread | present | germs | hands | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme through hand=Location |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:everyday:124-handshakes-waves-and-local-customs.lesson:7.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R1-cc-next ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/everyday/124-handshakes-waves-and-local-customs/7/