Smells that warn, sentence 3

Spoiled food often smells sour or bad because bacteria and moulds grow in it; but some germs that make you ill give no smell, so a good smell does not prove food is safe.

Who acts: Spoiled food, bacteria, germs, good smell, food · What happens: smell, grow, make, give, not prove, be · To what, where: food, you, smell

This is a sentence of the lesson «Smells that warn» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Spoiled food, bacteria, germs, good smell), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Spoiled	spoiled	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 food	amod
2	food	food	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 smells	nsubj
3	often	often	ADV	_	4 smells	advmod
4	smells	smell	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	sour	sour	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 smells	xcomp
6	or	or	CCONJ	_	7 bad	cc
7	bad	bad	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 sour	conj
8	because	because	SCONJ	_	12 grow	mark
9	bacteria	bacterium	NOUN	Number=Plur	12 grow	nsubj
10	and	and	CCONJ	_	11 moulds	cc
11	moulds	mould	NOUN	Number=Plur	9 bacteria	conj
12	grow	grow	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 smells	advcl
13	in	in	ADP	_	14 it	case
14	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	12 grow	obl
15	;	;	PUNCT	_	23 give	punct
16	but	but	CCONJ	_	23 give	cc
17	some	some	DET	PronType=Ind	18 germs	det
18	germs	germ	NOUN	Number=Plur	23 give	nsubj
19	that	that	PRON	PronType=Rel	20 make	nsubj
20	make	make	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	18 germs	acl:relcl
21	you	you	PRON	Case=Acc Person=2 PronType=Prs	20 make	obj
22	ill	ill	ADV	_	20 make	advmod
23	give	give	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 smells	conj
24	no	no	DET	PronType=Neg	25 smell	det
25	smell	smell	NOUN	Number=Sing	23 give	obj
26	,	,	PUNCT	_	33 prove	punct
27	so	so	ADV	_	33 prove	advmod
28	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	30 smell	det
29	good	good	ADJ	Degree=Pos	30 smell	amod
30	smell	smell	NOUN	Number=Sing	33 prove	nsubj
31	does	do	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	33 prove	aux
32	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	33 prove	advmod
33	prove	prove	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	4 smells	advcl
34	food	food	NOUN	Number=Sing	36 safe	nsubj
35	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	36 safe	cop
36	safe	safe	ADJ	Degree=Pos	33 prove	ccomp
37	.	.	PUNCT	_	4 smells	punct

Pragmatics

No stored speech act for this sentence.

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	other	roles by
1	smell	present	Spoiled food			often, sour property	vn stimulus_subject-30.4 «NP V ADJ»: agent=Stimulus
2	grow	present	bacteria and moulds		food		vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in it=Location
3	make	present	some germs	you		ill property	vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset you=Product
4	give	present	some germs	no smell			vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent smell=Theme
5	not prove	present · do-support	a good smell				vn declare-29.4-1-1 «NP V what S_INF»: agent=Agent
6	is	present	food			safe property	tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:everyday:013-smells-that-warn.lesson:3.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R8-pos-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/everyday/13-smells-that-warn/3/