Thinking about noticing, sentence 19
An echo is sound bounced back from a surface, and echoes can make a sound seem to come from the wrong place.
Who acts: echo, echoes, sound · What happens: be, bounce back, make, seem, come · To what, where: sound, surface, wrong place
This is a sentence of the lesson «Thinking about noticing» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (echo, echoes, sound), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | An | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 2 echo | det |
| 2 | echo | echo | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 sound | nsubj |
| 3 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 4 sound | cop |
| 4 | sound | sound | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 5 | bounced | bounce | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 4 sound | acl |
| 6 | back | back | ADV | _ | 5 bounced | advmod |
| 7 | from | from | ADP | _ | 9 surface | case |
| 8 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 9 surface | det |
| 9 | surface | surface | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 bounced | obl |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 14 make | punct |
| 11 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 14 make | cc |
| 12 | echoes | echo | NOUN | Number=Plur | 14 make | nsubj |
| 13 | can | can | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 14 make | aux |
| 14 | make | make | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 4 sound | parataxis |
| 15 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 16 sound | det |
| 16 | sound | sound | NOUN | Number=Sing | 17 seem | nsubj |
| 17 | seem | seem | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 14 make | ccomp |
| 18 | to | to | PART | _ | 19 come | mark |
| 19 | come | come | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 17 seem | xcomp |
| 20 | from | from | ADP | _ | 23 place | case |
| 21 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 23 place | det |
| 22 | wrong | wrong | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 23 place | amod |
| 23 | place | place | NOUN | Number=Sing | 19 come | obl |
| 24 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 sound | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is a | present | a echo | sound | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | bounce back | participle | sound not said here | a surface | vn run-51.3.2-2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme from surface=Trajectory | ||||
| 3 | make | can | echoes | tree rules | |||||
| 4 | seem | present | a sound | vn seem-109-1-1-1 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Theme clause=Attribute | |||||
| 5 | come | to-infinitive | a sound not said here | the wrong place | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme from place=Initial_Location |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:everyday:020-noticing-like-a-cat.lesson:19.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/everyday/20-noticing-like-a-cat/19/