Family changes and grief, sentence 1

Babies cry because crying is the only way they can tell us they are hungry, tired or uncomfortable, so we are patient.

Who acts: Babies, crying, Families, we · What happens: cry, be, tell · To what, where: only way, us · Speech: someone speaks here

This is a sentence of the lesson «Family changes and grief» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Babies, crying, Families, we), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Babies	baby	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 cry	nsubj
2	cry	cry	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	because	because	SCONJ	_	4 crying	mark
4	crying	crying	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 way	nsubj
5	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	8 way	cop
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 way	det
7	only	only	ADJ	Degree=Pos	8 way	amod
8	way	way	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 cry	advcl
9	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	11 tell	nsubj
10	can	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	11 tell	aux
11	tell	tell	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	8 way	acl:relcl
12	us	we	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs	11 tell	iobj
13	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	15 hungry	nsubj
14	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	15 hungry	cop
15	hungry	hungry	ADJ	Degree=Pos	11 tell	ccomp
16	,	,	PUNCT	_	17 tired	punct
17	tired	tired	ADJ	Degree=Pos	15 hungry	conj
18	or	or	CCONJ	_	19 uncomfortable	cc
19	uncomfortable	uncomfortable	ADJ	Degree=Pos	15 hungry	conj
20	,	,	PUNCT	_	24 patient	punct
21	so	so	ADV	_	24 patient	advmod
22	we	we	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs	24 patient	nsubj
23	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	24 patient	cop
24	patient	patient	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 cry	parataxis
25	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 cry	punct

Pragmatics

No stored speech act for this sentence.

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	other	roles by
1	cry speech: express	present	Babies				vn manner_speaking-37.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent
2	is a	present	crying	the only way			tree rules
3	tell speech: assert	can	Families = family	the only way not said here	us		vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent we=Recipient
4	is	present	Families = family			hungry property	tree rules
5	be		Families = family not said here				tree rules
6	be		Families = family not said here				tree rules
7	is	present	we			patient property	tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:everyday:214-family-changes-and-grief.lesson:1.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×1, R8-pos-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/everyday/214-family-changes-and-grief/1/