Family changes and grief, sentence 5

Babies cry to tell us they are hungry, tired or uncomfortable, because crying is the only way a baby can talk.

Who acts: Babies, thoughts, baby · What happens: cry, tell, be, talk · To what, where: us, only way · Speech: someone speaks here

This is a sentence of the lesson «Family changes and grief» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Babies, thoughts, baby), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Babies	baby	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 cry	nsubj
2	cry	cry	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	to	to	PART	_	4 tell	mark
4	tell	tell	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	2 cry	advcl
5	us	we	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs	4 tell	obj
6	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	8 hungry	nsubj
7	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	8 hungry	cop
8	hungry	hungry	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 tell	ccomp
9	,	,	PUNCT	_	10 tired	punct
10	tired	tired	ADJ	Degree=Pos	8 hungry	conj
11	or	or	CCONJ	_	12 uncomfortable	cc
12	uncomfortable	uncomfortable	ADJ	Degree=Pos	8 hungry	conj
13	,	,	PUNCT	_	15 crying	punct
14	because	because	SCONJ	_	19 way	mark
15	crying	cry	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	19 way	nsubj
16	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	19 way	cop
17	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	19 way	det
18	only	only	ADJ	Degree=Pos	19 way	amod
19	way	way	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 cry	advcl
20	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	21 baby	det
21	baby	baby	NOUN	Number=Sing	23 talk	nsubj
22	can	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	23 talk	aux
23	talk	talk	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	19 way	acl:relcl
24	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 cry	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: narrator
polarity: none
teacher: changed polarity=none

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	other	roles by
1	cry speech: express	present	Babies				vn manner_speaking-37.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent
2	tell speech: assert	to-infinitive	Babies not said here		us		vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent we=Recipient
3	is	present	thoughts = thought			hungry property	tree rules
4	be		thoughts = thought not said here				tree rules
5	be		thoughts = thought not said here				tree rules
6	cry speech: express	gerund					vn manner_speaking-37.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent
7	is a	present		the only way			tree rules
8	talk	can	a baby	the only way not said here			vn compel-59.1 «NP V NP S_ING»: agent=Agent way=Patient

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:everyday:214-family-changes-and-grief.lesson:5.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/everyday/214-family-changes-and-grief/5/