Tests, exams and mistakes, sentence 8
Looking at a neighbour's paper is cheating, because the test must show what you know.
Who acts: Looking, test, you · What happens: look, cheat, show, know · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of the lesson «Tests, exams and mistakes» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Looking, test, you), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Looking | look | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 8 cheating | csubj |
| 2 | at | at | ADP | _ | 6 paper | case |
| 3 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 4 neighbour | det |
| 4 | neighbour | neighbour | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 paper | nmod:poss |
| 5 | 's | 's | PART | _ | 4 neighbour | case |
| 6 | paper | paper | NOUN | Number=Sing | 1 Looking | obl |
| 7 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 8 cheating | aux |
| 8 | cheating | cheat | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | root | root |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 14 show | punct |
| 10 | because | because | SCONJ | _ | 14 show | mark |
| 11 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 12 test | det |
| 12 | test | test | NOUN | Number=Sing | 14 show | nsubj |
| 13 | must | must | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 14 show | aux |
| 14 | show | show | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 8 cheating | advcl |
| 15 | what | what | PRON | PronType=Int | 17 know | obj |
| 16 | you | you | PRON | Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs | 17 know | nsubj |
| 17 | know | know | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 14 show | ccomp |
| 18 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 8 cheating | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | look | gerund | at a neighbour's paper | vn peer-30.3 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent at paper=Theme | |||||
| 2 | cheat | present · progressive | Looking | vn cheat-10.6.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 3 | show | must | the test | vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | |||||
| 4 | know | present | you | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Experiencer what=Stimulus |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:everyday:255-tests-exams-and-mistakes.lesson:8.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/everyday/255-tests-exams-and-mistakes/8/