Walking on the pavement and crossing roads, sentence 3
A boy in Leeds walks his little brother to the shop holding his hand, on the side away from the traffic; when a car backs out of a driveway, both stop and wait until it has gone.
Who acts: boy, car, both, driveway · What happens: walk, hold, back out, stop, wait, go · To what, where: little brother, shop, hand, side, driveway
This is a sentence of the lesson «Walking on the pavement and crossing roads» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (boy, car, both, driveway), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | A | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 2 boy | det |
| 2 | boy | boy | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 walks | nsubj |
| 3 | in | in | ADP | _ | 4 Leeds | case |
| 4 | Leeds | Leeds | PROPN | Number=Sing | 2 boy | nmod |
| 5 | walks | walk | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 6 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 8 brother | nmod:poss |
| 7 | little | little | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 8 brother | amod |
| 8 | brother | brother | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 walks | obj |
| 9 | to | to | ADP | _ | 11 shop | case |
| 10 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 11 shop | det |
| 11 | shop | shop | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 walks | obl |
| 12 | holding | hold | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 5 walks | advcl |
| 13 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 14 hand | nmod:poss |
| 14 | hand | hand | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 holding | obj |
| 15 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 19 away | punct |
| 16 | on | on | ADP | _ | 18 side | case |
| 17 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 18 side | det |
| 18 | side | side | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 holding | obl |
| 19 | away | away | ADV | _ | 18 side | advmod |
| 20 | from | from | ADP | _ | 22 traffic | case |
| 21 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 22 traffic | det |
| 22 | traffic | traffic | NOUN | Number=Sing | 19 away | obl |
| 23 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 27 backs | punct |
| 24 | when | when | ADV | PronType=Int | 27 backs | advmod |
| 25 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 26 car | det |
| 26 | car | car | NOUN | Number=Sing | 27 backs | nsubj |
| 27 | backs | back | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 34 stop | advcl |
| 28 | out | out | ADP | _ | 31 driveway | case |
| 29 | of | of | ADP | _ | 31 driveway | case |
| 30 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 31 driveway | det |
| 31 | driveway | driveway | NOUN | Number=Sing | 27 backs | obl |
| 32 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 34 stop | punct |
| 33 | both | both | PRON | PronType=Tot | 34 stop | nsubj |
| 34 | stop | stop | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 5 walks | parataxis |
| 35 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 36 wait | cc |
| 36 | wait | wait | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 34 stop | conj |
| 37 | until | until | SCONJ | _ | 40 gone | mark |
| 38 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 40 gone | nsubj |
| 39 | has | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 40 gone | aux |
| 40 | gone | go | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 36 wait | advcl |
| 41 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 5 walks | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | walk | present | a boy in Leeds | boy's little brother | the shop | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V NP PP.trajectory»: agent=Agent brother=Theme to shop=Trajectory | |||
| 2 | hold | gerund | a boy in Leeds not said here | boy's hand | the side | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent hand=Theme on side=Location | |||
| 3 | back out | present | a car | a driveway | tree rules | ||||
| 4 | stop | present | both | vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality | |||||
| 5 | wait | infinitive | both not said here | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||||
| 6 | go | present · perfect | driveway | vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:everyday:266-walking-and-crossing-roads.lesson:3.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/everyday/266-walking-and-crossing-roads/3/