Airports and planes, sentence 15
On a flight to Florida the plane hit sudden bumpy air; a boy who had unbuckled was thrown up against the ceiling and cut his head, while his sister, belted in, was only shaken.
Who acts: plane, boy · What happens: hit, unbuckle, throw up, cut, belt, shake · To what, where: sudden bumpy air, boy, head, sister
This is a sentence of the lesson «Airports and planes» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (plane, boy), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | On | on | ADP | _ | 3 flight | case |
| 2 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 3 flight | det |
| 3 | flight | flight | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 hit | obl |
| 4 | to | to | ADP | _ | 5 Florida | case |
| 5 | Florida | Florida | PROPN | Number=Sing | 3 flight | nmod |
| 6 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 7 plane | det |
| 7 | plane | plane | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 hit | nsubj |
| 8 | hit | hit | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 9 | sudden | sudden | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 11 air | amod |
| 10 | bumpy | bumpy | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 11 air | amod |
| 11 | air | air | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 hit | obj |
| 12 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 19 thrown | punct |
| 13 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 14 boy | det |
| 14 | boy | boy | NOUN | Number=Sing | 19 thrown | nsubj:pass |
| 15 | who | who | PRON | PronType=Rel | 17 unbuckled | nsubj |
| 16 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 17 unbuckled | aux |
| 17 | unbuckled | unbuckle | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 14 boy | acl:relcl |
| 18 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 19 thrown | aux:pass |
| 19 | thrown | throw | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 8 hit | parataxis |
| 20 | up | up | ADP | _ | 19 thrown | compound:prt |
| 21 | against | against | ADP | _ | 23 ceiling | case |
| 22 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 23 ceiling | det |
| 23 | ceiling | ceiling | NOUN | Number=Sing | 19 thrown | obl |
| 24 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 25 cut | cc |
| 25 | cut | cut | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 19 thrown | conj |
| 26 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 27 head | nmod:poss |
| 27 | head | head | NOUN | Number=Sing | 25 cut | obj |
| 28 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 31 sister | punct |
| 29 | while | while | SCONJ | _ | 38 shaken | mark |
| 30 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 31 sister | nmod:poss |
| 31 | sister | sister | NOUN | Number=Sing | 38 shaken | nsubj:pass |
| 32 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 33 belted | punct |
| 33 | belted | belt | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 31 sister | acl |
| 34 | in | in | ADP | _ | 33 belted | obl |
| 35 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 31 sister | punct |
| 36 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 38 shaken | aux:pass |
| 37 | only | only | ADV | _ | 38 shaken | advmod |
| 38 | shaken | shake | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 25 cut | advcl |
| 39 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 8 hit | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | hit | past | the plane | sudden bumpy air | on a flight to Florida | vn hit-18.1-1 «NP V NP PP»: agent=Agent air=Instrument on flight=Patient | |||
| 2 | unbuckle | past · perfect | a boy | vn disassemble-23.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 3 | throw up | past · passive | a boy | against the ceiling | vn breathe-40.1.2 «NP V NP.theme»: subject=Theme | ||||
| 4 | cut | past | boy's head | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset head=Product | |||||
| 5 | belt | participle | boy's sister not said here | vn performance-26.7 «NP V»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 6 | shake | past · passive | boy's sister | vn shake-22.3-2 «NP V NP together»: subject=Patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:everyday:271-airports-and-planes.lesson:15.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R7-rel-agree ×2. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/everyday/271-airports-and-planes/15/