Illusions that fool the eye and adverts that fool the wallet, sentence 1

Your brain judges size and length by what surrounds a thing, so it can be fooled: two equal lines with arrow ends look different (the Müller-Lyer illusion), and the moon looks huge near the horizon although it is about the same size all night.

Who acts: brain, two equal lines, moon · What happens: judge, surround, fool, look, be · To what, where: size, thing, brain, same size

This is a sentence of the lesson «Illusions that fool the eye and adverts that fool the wallet» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (brain, two equal lines, moon), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Your	your	PRON	Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	4 size	nmod:poss
2	brain	brain	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 judges	nsubj
3	judges	judge	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	size	size	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 judges	obj
5	and	and	CCONJ	_	6 length	cc
6	length	length	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 size	conj
7	by	by	SCONJ	_	9 surrounds	mark
8	what	what	PRON	PronType=Int	9 surrounds	nsubj
9	surrounds	surround	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 judges	root
10	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	11 thing	det
11	thing	thing	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 surrounds	obj
12	,	,	PUNCT	_	17 fooled	punct
13	so	so	ADV	_	17 fooled	advmod
14	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	17 fooled	nsubj:pass
15	can	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	17 fooled	aux
16	be	be	AUX	VerbForm=Inf	17 fooled	aux:pass
17	fooled	fool	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	3 judges	parataxis
18	:	:	PUNCT	_	21 lines	punct
19	two	two	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	21 lines	nummod
20	equal	equal	ADJ	Degree=Pos	21 lines	amod
21	lines	line	NOUN	Number=Plur	25 look	nsubj
22	with	with	ADP	_	24 ends	case
23	arrow	arrow	NOUN	Number=Sing	24 ends	compound
24	ends	end	NOUN	Number=Plur	21 lines	nmod
25	look	look	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	17 fooled	conj
26	different	different	ADJ	Degree=Pos	25 look	xcomp
27	(	(	PUNCT	_	32 illusion	punct
28	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	32 illusion	det
29	Müller	Müller	PROPN	Number=Sing	31 Lyer	compound
30	-	-	PUNCT	_	29 Müller	punct
31	Lyer	Lyer	PROPN	Number=Sing	32 illusion	compound
32	illusion	illusion	NOUN	Number=Sing	26 different	obl
33	)	)	PUNCT	_	32 illusion	punct
34	,	,	PUNCT	_	38 looks	punct
35	and	and	CCONJ	_	38 looks	cc
36	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	37 moon	det
37	moon	moon	NOUN	Number=Sing	38 looks	nsubj
38	looks	look	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	17 fooled	conj
39	huge	huge	ADJ	Degree=Pos	38 looks	xcomp
40	near	near	ADP	_	42 horizon	case
41	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	42 horizon	det
42	horizon	horizon	NOUN	Number=Sing	39 huge	obl
43	although	although	SCONJ	_	49 size	mark
44	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	49 size	nsubj
45	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	49 size	cop
46	about	about	ADV	_	49 size	advmod
47	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	49 size	det
48	same	same	ADJ	Degree=Pos	49 size	amod
49	size	size	NOUN	Number=Sing	38 looks	advcl
50	all	all	DET	PronType=Tot	51 night	det
51	night	night	NOUN	Number=Sing	49 size	nmod:unmarked
52	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 judges	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: narrator
polarity: none
teacher: changed act=assert, polarity=none

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	when	other	roles by
1	judge	present	brain	Your size and length			vn estimate-34.2-1-1 «NP V NP.value»: agent=Agent size=Value
2	surround	present		a thing			vn contiguous_location-47.8 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme thing=Co-Theme
3	fool	can · passive		brain			vn trick-59.2 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient
4	look	present	two equal lines with arrow ends			different property	vn stimulus_subject-30.4 «NP V ADJ»: agent=Stimulus
5	look	present	the moon			huge property	vn stimulus_subject-30.4 «NP V ADJ»: agent=Stimulus
6	is a	present	moon	the same size	night	about property	tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:everyday:280-illusions-and-adverts.lesson:1.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/everyday/280-illusions-and-adverts/1/