Illusions that fool the eye and adverts that fool the wallet, sentence 16
A straw in water looks bent because light changes direction as it passes from water to air; this is called refraction.
Who acts: straw, light · What happens: look, change, pass, call · To what, where: direction, water, this · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of the lesson «Illusions that fool the eye and adverts that fool the wallet» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (straw, light), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | A | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 2 straw | det |
| 2 | straw | straw | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 looks | nsubj |
| 3 | in | in | ADP | _ | 4 water | case |
| 4 | water | water | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 straw | nmod |
| 5 | looks | look | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 6 | bent | bent | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 5 looks | xcomp |
| 7 | because | because | SCONJ | _ | 9 changes | mark |
| 8 | light | light | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 changes | nsubj |
| 9 | changes | change | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 5 looks | advcl |
| 10 | direction | direction | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 changes | obj |
| 11 | as | as | SCONJ | _ | 13 passes | mark |
| 12 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 13 passes | nsubj |
| 13 | passes | pass | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 9 changes | advcl |
| 14 | from | from | ADP | _ | 15 water | case |
| 15 | water | water | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 passes | obl |
| 16 | to | to | ADP | _ | 17 air | case |
| 17 | air | air | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 passes | obl |
| 18 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 21 called | punct |
| 19 | this | this | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 21 called | nsubj:pass |
| 20 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 21 called | aux:pass |
| 21 | called | call | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 5 looks | parataxis |
| 22 | refraction | refraction | NOUN | Number=Sing | 21 called | xcomp |
| 23 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 5 looks | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | look | present | a straw in water | bent property | vn stimulus_subject-30.4 «NP V ADJ»: agent=Stimulus | ||||
| 2 | change | present | light | direction | vn dress-41.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent direction=Patient | ||||
| 3 | pass | present | Light | water | to air | vn escape-51.1-1-3 «NP V PP.initial_location PP.destination»: agent=Theme from water=Initial_Location to air=Destination | |||
| 4 | call | present · passive | this | vn initiate_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: subject=Recipient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:everyday:280-illusions-and-adverts.lesson:16.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/everyday/280-illusions-and-adverts/16/