Being gentle with small animals, sentence 22
A frightened small animal bites or scratches to protect itself, and those bites can become infected, so you wash a bite or scratch, cover it and tell an adult.
Who acts: frightened small animal, bites, you · What happens: frighten, bite, scratch, protect, become, wash · To what, where: leg, bite, adult · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of the lesson «Being gentle with small animals» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (frightened small animal, bites, you), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | A | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 4 animal | det |
| 2 | frightened | frighten | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 4 animal | amod |
| 3 | small | small | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 4 animal | amod |
| 4 | animal | animal | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 bites | nsubj |
| 5 | bites | bite | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 21 wash | conj |
| 6 | or | or | CCONJ | _ | 7 scratches | cc |
| 7 | scratches | scratch | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 5 bites | conj |
| 8 | to | to | PART | _ | 9 protect | mark |
| 9 | protect | protect | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 5 bites | advcl |
| 10 | itself | itself | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs Reflex=Yes | 9 protect | obj |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 16 become | punct |
| 12 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 16 become | cc |
| 13 | those | that | DET | Number=Plur PronType=Dem | 14 bites | det |
| 14 | bites | bite | NOUN | Number=Plur | 16 become | nsubj |
| 15 | can | can | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 16 become | aux |
| 16 | become | become | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 5 bites | conj |
| 17 | infected | infected | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 16 become | xcomp |
| 18 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 21 wash | punct |
| 19 | so | so | ADV | _ | 21 wash | advmod |
| 20 | you | you | PRON | Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs | 21 wash | nsubj |
| 21 | wash | wash | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 22 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 23 bite | det |
| 23 | bite | bite | NOUN | Number=Sing | 21 wash | obj |
| 24 | or | or | CCONJ | _ | 25 scratch | cc |
| 25 | scratch | scratch | NOUN | Number=Sing | 23 bite | conj |
| 26 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 27 cover | punct |
| 27 | cover | cover | VERB | Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin | 21 wash | conj |
| 28 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 27 cover | obj |
| 29 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 30 tell | cc |
| 30 | tell | tell | VERB | Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin | 27 cover | conj |
| 31 | an | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 32 adult | det |
| 32 | adult | adult | NOUN | Number=Sing | 30 tell | obj |
| 33 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 5 bites | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | frighten | participle | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Experiencer | ||||||
| 2 | bite | present | a frightened small animal | vn swat-18.2 «NP V PP»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 3 | scratch | present | a frightened small animal not said here | vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 4 | protect | to-infinitive | a frightened small animal not said here | leg | vn defend-72.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent itself=Beneficiary | ||||
| 5 | become | can | that bites | infected property | vn become-109.1-1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient | ||||
| 6 | wash | present | you | a bite or scratch | vn floss-41.2.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent bite=Patient | ||||
| 7 | cover | infinitive | you not said here | leg | vn fill-9.8-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme it=Destination | ||||
| 8 | tell speech: assert | infinitive | you not said here | a adult | vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent adult=Recipient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:everyday:288-being-gentle-with-small-animals.lesson:22.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R6-punct-agree ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/everyday/288-being-gentle-with-small-animals/22/