Thinking like an animal, sentence 4
For example, a fluffy young bird hopping on the lawn is usually a fledgling learning to fly; its parents are close by, still feeding it, so the kindest thing is to leave it alone and keep cats indoors.
Who acts: fluffy young bird, fledgling, parents, kindest thing · What happens: hop, be, learn, fly, feed, keep · To what, where: lawn, fledgling, bird, cats
This is a sentence of the lesson «Thinking like an animal» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (fluffy young bird, fledgling, parents, kindest thing), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | For | for | ADP | _ | 2 example | case |
| 2 | example | example | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 fledgling | obl |
| 3 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 2 example | punct |
| 4 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 7 bird | det |
| 5 | fluffy | fluffy | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 7 bird | amod |
| 6 | young | young | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 7 bird | amod |
| 7 | bird | bird | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 fledgling | nsubj |
| 8 | hopping | hop | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 7 bird | acl |
| 9 | on | on | ADP | _ | 11 lawn | case |
| 10 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 11 lawn | det |
| 11 | lawn | lawn | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 hopping | obl |
| 12 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 15 fledgling | cop |
| 13 | usually | usually | ADV | _ | 15 fledgling | advmod |
| 14 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 15 fledgling | det |
| 15 | fledgling | fledgling | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 16 | learning | learn | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 15 fledgling | acl |
| 17 | to | to | PART | _ | 18 fly | mark |
| 18 | fly | fly | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 16 learning | acl |
| 19 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 23 close | punct |
| 20 | its | its | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 21 parents | nmod:poss |
| 21 | parents | parent | NOUN | Number=Plur | 23 close | nsubj |
| 22 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 23 close | cop |
| 23 | close | close | ADV | Degree=Pos | 15 fledgling | parataxis |
| 24 | by | by | ADV | _ | 23 close | advmod |
| 25 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 24 by | punct |
| 26 | still | still | ADV | _ | 27 feeding | advmod |
| 27 | feeding | feed | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 23 close | advcl |
| 28 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 27 feeding | obj |
| 29 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 36 leave | punct |
| 30 | so | so | ADV | _ | 36 leave | advmod |
| 31 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 33 thing | det |
| 32 | kindest | kind | ADJ | Degree=Sup | 33 thing | amod |
| 33 | thing | thing | NOUN | Number=Sing | 36 leave | nsubj:outer |
| 34 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 36 leave | cop |
| 35 | to | to | PART | _ | 36 leave | mark |
| 36 | leave | leave | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 15 fledgling | parataxis |
| 37 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 36 leave | obj |
| 38 | alone | alone | ADV | _ | 36 leave | advmod |
| 39 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 40 keep | cc |
| 40 | keep | keep | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 36 leave | conj |
| 41 | cats | cat | NOUN | Number=Plur | 40 keep | obj |
| 42 | indoors | indoors | ADV | _ | 40 keep | advmod |
| 43 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 15 fledgling | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- kept the draft
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | hop | gerund | a fluffy young bird not said here | the lawn | vn run-51.3.2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme on lawn=Trajectory | ||||
| 2 | is a | present | a fluffy young bird | a fledgling | for example; usually property | tree rules | |||
| 3 | learn | gerund | a fledgling not said here | vn learn-14-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 4 | fly | to-infinitive | vn spatial_configuration-47.6-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||||
| 5 | is | present | bird's parents | close property | tree rules | ||||
| 6 | feed | gerund | bird's parents not said here | bird | still | vn feeding-39.7 «NP V NP PP.recipient»: agent=Agent it=Theme | |||
| 7 | is | present | the kindest thing | alone, leave property | tree rules | ||||
| 8 | keep | infinitive | the kindest thing not said here | cats | indoors property | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent cat=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:everyday:030-thinking-like-an-animal.lesson:4.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×2, R8-pos-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/everyday/30-thinking-like-an-animal/4/