Outdoor games, playgrounds and the rules of sports, sentence 5
Sports rules make games fair: in soccer the offside rule stops attackers waiting by the goal, and in cricket a bowler must not bend and straighten the arm like a throw.
Who acts: Sports rules, offside rule, attackers, bowler · What happens: make, stop, wait, not bend, straighten · To what, where: games, attackers, soccer, cricket, arm
This is a sentence of the lesson «Outdoor games, playgrounds and the rules of sports» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Sports rules, offside rule, attackers, bowler), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Sports | sport | NOUN | Number=Plur | 2 rules | compound |
| 2 | rules | rule | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 make | nsubj |
| 3 | make | make | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | games | game | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 make | obj |
| 5 | fair | fair | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 3 make | xcomp |
| 6 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 12 stops | punct |
| 7 | in | in | ADP | _ | 8 soccer | case |
| 8 | soccer | soccer | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 stops | obl |
| 9 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 11 rule | det |
| 10 | offside | offside | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 11 rule | amod |
| 11 | rule | rule | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 stops | nsubj |
| 12 | stops | stop | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 3 make | parataxis |
| 13 | attackers | attacker | NOUN | Number=Plur | 12 stops | obj |
| 14 | waiting | wait | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 13 attackers | acl |
| 15 | by | by | ADP | _ | 17 goal | case |
| 16 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 17 goal | det |
| 17 | goal | goal | NOUN | Number=Sing | 14 waiting | obl |
| 18 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 26 bend | punct |
| 19 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 26 bend | cc |
| 20 | in | in | ADP | _ | 21 cricket | case |
| 21 | cricket | cricket | NOUN | Number=Sing | 26 bend | obl |
| 22 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 23 bowler | det |
| 23 | bowler | bowler | NOUN | Number=Sing | 26 bend | nsubj |
| 24 | must | must | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 26 bend | aux |
| 25 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 26 bend | advmod |
| 26 | bend | bend | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 12 stops | conj |
| 27 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 28 straighten | cc |
| 28 | straighten | straighten | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 26 bend | conj |
| 29 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 30 arm | det |
| 30 | arm | arm | NOUN | Number=Sing | 28 straighten | obj |
| 31 | like | like | ADP | _ | 33 throw | case |
| 32 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 33 throw | det |
| 33 | throw | throw | NOUN | Number=Sing | 28 straighten | obl |
| 34 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 make | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- kept the draft
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | make | present | Sports rules | games | fair property | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset game=Product | |||
| 2 | stop | present | the offside rule | attackers | soccer | vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP V NP.eventuality»: agent=Subeventuality attacker=Eventuality | |||
| 3 | wait | gerund | attackers not said here | by the goal | vn exist-47.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme by goal=Location | ||||
| 4 | not bend | must | a bowler | cricket | vn assuming_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent in cricket=Location | ||||
| 5 | straighten | infinitive | a bowler not said here | the arm | like a throw | vn bend-45.2 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent arm=Patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:everyday:304-outdoor-games-and-sports-rules.lesson:5.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×2, R7-rel-agree ×2. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/everyday/304-outdoor-games-and-sports-rules/5/