Why people lie, harmful lies and cheating in games and marks, sentence 22
A boy in Texas lied to cover for a friend who had started a small fire behind the school; the fire spread to a shed, and both boys were in serious trouble.
Who acts: boy, friend, fire, boys · What happens: lie, cover, start, spread, be · To what, where: small fire, school, serious trouble
This is a sentence of the lesson «Why people lie, harmful lies and cheating in games and marks» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (boy, friend, fire, boys), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | A | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 2 boy | det |
| 2 | boy | boy | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 lied | nsubj |
| 3 | in | in | ADP | _ | 4 Texas | case |
| 4 | Texas | Texas | PROPN | Number=Sing | 2 boy | nmod |
| 5 | lied | lie | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 6 | to | to | PART | _ | 7 cover | mark |
| 7 | cover | cover | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 5 lied | advcl |
| 8 | for | for | ADP | _ | 10 friend | case |
| 9 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 10 friend | det |
| 10 | friend | friend | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 cover | obl |
| 11 | who | who | PRON | PronType=Rel | 13 started | nsubj |
| 12 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 13 started | aux |
| 13 | started | start | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 10 friend | acl:relcl |
| 14 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 16 fire | det |
| 15 | small | small | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 16 fire | amod |
| 16 | fire | fire | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 started | obj |
| 17 | behind | behind | ADP | _ | 19 school | case |
| 18 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 19 school | det |
| 19 | school | school | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 fire | nmod |
| 20 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 5 lied | punct |
| 21 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 22 fire | det |
| 22 | fire | fire | NOUN | Number=Sing | 23 spread | nsubj |
| 23 | spread | spread | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 5 lied | parataxis |
| 24 | to | to | ADP | _ | 26 shed | case |
| 25 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 26 shed | det |
| 26 | shed | shed | NOUN | Number=Sing | 23 spread | obl |
| 27 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 34 trouble | punct |
| 28 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 34 trouble | cc |
| 29 | both | both | DET | PronType=Tot | 30 boys | det |
| 30 | boys | boy | NOUN | Number=Plur | 34 trouble | nsubj |
| 31 | were | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 34 trouble | cop |
| 32 | in | in | ADP | _ | 34 trouble | case |
| 33 | serious | serious | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 34 trouble | amod |
| 34 | trouble | trouble | NOUN | Number=Sing | 23 spread | conj |
| 35 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 5 lied | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- narrate
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- kept the draft
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | lie | past | a boy in Texas | vn assuming_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 2 | cover | to-infinitive | a boy in Texas not said here | for a friend | vn fill-9.8-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 3 | start | past · perfect | a friend | a small fire | the school | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent fire=Eventuality | |||
| 4 | spread | past | the fire | to a shed | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 5 | is | past | both boys | serious trouble | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:everyday:312-honest-reasons-false-alarms-and-fair-marks.lesson:22.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/everyday/312-honest-reasons-false-alarms-and-fair-marks/22/