Walking, seat belts, buses, airports, bike helmets, queues and tipping, sentence 0
On a pavement next to a busy road, a small child can suddenly dart towards the road, so an older child holds his hand and walks on the side nearer the traffic, keeping him on the side away from the cars.
Who acts: small child, older child · What happens: dart, hold, walk, keep · To what, where: pavement, hand, traffic, side, child
This is a sentence of the lesson «Walking, seat belts, buses, airports, bike helmets, queues and tipping» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (small child, older child), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | On | on | ADP | _ | 3 pavement | case |
| 2 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 3 pavement | det |
| 3 | pavement | pavement | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 dart | obl |
| 4 | next | next | ADV | _ | 3 pavement | advmod |
| 5 | to | to | ADP | _ | 8 road | case |
| 6 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 8 road | det |
| 7 | busy | busy | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 8 road | amod |
| 8 | road | road | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 next | obl |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 3 pavement | punct |
| 10 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 12 child | det |
| 11 | small | small | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 12 child | amod |
| 12 | child | child | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 dart | nsubj |
| 13 | can | can | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 15 dart | aux |
| 14 | suddenly | suddenly | ADV | _ | 15 dart | advmod |
| 15 | dart | dart | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | root | root |
| 16 | towards | towards | ADP | _ | 18 road | case |
| 17 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 18 road | det |
| 18 | road | road | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 dart | obl |
| 19 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 24 holds | punct |
| 20 | so | so | ADV | _ | 24 holds | advmod |
| 21 | an | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 23 child | det |
| 22 | older | old | ADJ | Degree=Cmp | 23 child | amod |
| 23 | child | child | NOUN | Number=Sing | 24 holds | nsubj |
| 24 | holds | hold | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 15 dart | conj |
| 25 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 26 hand | nmod:poss |
| 26 | hand | hand | NOUN | Number=Sing | 24 holds | obj |
| 27 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 28 walks | cc |
| 28 | walks | walk | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 24 holds | conj |
| 29 | on | on | ADP | _ | 31 side | case |
| 30 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 31 side | det |
| 31 | side | side | NOUN | Number=Sing | 28 walks | obl |
| 32 | nearer | near | ADJ | Degree=Cmp | 31 side | amod |
| 33 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 34 traffic | det |
| 34 | traffic | traffic | NOUN | Number=Sing | 28 walks | obl |
| 35 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 36 keeping | punct |
| 36 | keeping | keep | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 28 walks | advcl |
| 37 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 36 keeping | obj |
| 38 | on | on | ADP | _ | 40 side | case |
| 39 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 40 side | det |
| 40 | side | side | NOUN | Number=Sing | 36 keeping | obl |
| 41 | away | away | ADV | _ | 36 keeping | advmod |
| 42 | from | from | ADP | _ | 44 cars | case |
| 43 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 44 cars | det |
| 44 | cars | car | NOUN | Number=Plur | 41 away | obl |
| 45 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 15 dart | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | dart | can | a small child | a pavement | towards the road; suddenly property | vn run-51.3.2-2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme towards road=Destination | |||
| 2 | hold | present | a older child | child's hand | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent hand=Theme | ||||
| 3 | walk | present | a older child not said here | the traffic | the side | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme on side=Trajectory | |||
| 4 | keep | gerund | a older child not said here | child | the side | away property | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent he=Theme on side=Location |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:everyday:331-walking-seat-belts-buses-airports-bikes-and-tipping.lesson:0.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×3. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/everyday/331-walking-seat-belts-buses-airports-bikes-and-tipping/0/