Borrowing without asking, sentence 13
And sometimes asking gets you more: the neighbour whose apples Noah took on a dare said, «Next time just ask», and gave him a whole bag.
Who acts: asking, Noah, neighbour · What happens: ask, get, take, say, give · To what, where: more, you, apples, dare, whole bag, Noah · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of the lesson «Borrowing without asking» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (asking, Noah, neighbour), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | And | and | CCONJ | _ | 4 gets | cc |
| 2 | sometimes | sometimes | ADV | PronType=Ind | 4 gets | advmod |
| 3 | asking | ask | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 4 gets | csubj |
| 4 | gets | get | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 5 | you | you | PRON | Case=Acc Person=2 PronType=Prs | 4 gets | iobj |
| 6 | more | more | ADJ | Degree=Cmp | 4 gets | obj |
| 7 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 9 neighbour | punct |
| 8 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 9 neighbour | det |
| 9 | neighbour | neighbour | NOUN | Number=Sing | 17 said | nsubj |
| 10 | whose | whose | PRON | Poss=Yes PronType=Rel | 11 apples | nmod:poss |
| 11 | apples | apple | NOUN | Number=Plur | 13 took | obj |
| 12 | Noah | Noah | PROPN | Number=Sing | 13 took | nsubj |
| 13 | took | take | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 9 neighbour | acl:relcl |
| 14 | on | on | ADP | _ | 16 dare | case |
| 15 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 16 dare | det |
| 16 | dare | dare | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 took | obl |
| 17 | said | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 4 gets | parataxis |
| 18 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 17 said | punct |
| 19 | « | « | PUNCT | _ | 23 ask | punct |
| 20 | Next | next | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 21 time | amod |
| 21 | time | time | NOUN | Number=Sing | 23 ask | obl:unmarked |
| 22 | just | just | ADV | _ | 23 ask | advmod |
| 23 | ask | ask | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 17 said | ccomp |
| 24 | » | » | PUNCT | _ | 23 ask | punct |
| 25 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 27 gave | punct |
| 26 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 27 gave | cc |
| 27 | gave | give | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 17 said | conj |
| 28 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 27 gave | iobj |
| 29 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 31 bag | det |
| 30 | whole | whole | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 31 bag | amod |
| 31 | bag | bag | NOUN | Number=Sing | 27 gave | obj |
| 32 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 gets | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ask speech: ask | gerund | vn inquire-37.1.2 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ||||||
| 2 | get | present | asking | more | you | sometimes property | vn get-13.5.1-1 «NP V NP.beneficiary NP»: agent=Agent you=Beneficiary more=Theme | ||
| 3 | take | past | Noah | apples | a dare | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent apple=Theme on dare=Destination | |||
| 4 | say speech: assert | past | the neighbour | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | |||||
| 5 | ask speech: ask in a quote | infinitive | time | vn inquire-37.1.2 «NP V»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 6 | give | past | the neighbour not said here | a whole bag | Noah | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP-Dative NP»: agent=Agent he=Recipient bag=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:everyday:339-borrowing-without-asking.lesson:13.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R1-cc-next ×1, R5-strong ×1, R7-rel-agree ×2. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/everyday/339-borrowing-without-asking/13/