Teasing and laughing at others, sentence 19
Whispering unkind things behind someone's back is as bad as saying them out loud.
Who acts: Whispering · What happens: whisper, be, say out · To what, where: unkind things, back, things
This is a sentence of the lesson «Teasing and laughing at others» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Whispering), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Whispering | whisper | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 10 bad | csubj |
| 2 | unkind | unkind | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 3 things | amod |
| 3 | things | thing | NOUN | Number=Plur | 1 Whispering | obj |
| 4 | behind | behind | ADP | _ | 7 back | case |
| 5 | someone | someone | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Ind | 7 back | nmod:poss |
| 6 | 's | 's | PART | _ | 5 someone | case |
| 7 | back | back | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 things | nmod |
| 8 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 10 bad | cop |
| 9 | as | as | ADV | _ | 10 bad | advmod |
| 10 | bad | bad | ADJ | Degree=Pos | root | root |
| 11 | as | as | SCONJ | _ | 12 saying | mark |
| 12 | saying | say | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 10 bad | advcl |
| 13 | them | they | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 12 saying | obj |
| 14 | out | out | ADP | _ | 12 saying | compound:prt |
| 15 | loud | loud | ADV | _ | 12 saying | advmod |
| 16 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 10 bad | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | whisper speech: assert | gerund | unkind things | someone's back | vn manner_speaking-37.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent thing=Topic | ||||
| 2 | is | present | Whispering | bad property | tree rules | ||||
| 3 | say out speech: assert | gerund | Whispering not said here | things = thing | loud property | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: agent=Agent they=Topic |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:everyday:346-teasing-and-laughing-at-others.lesson:19.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/everyday/346-teasing-and-laughing-at-others/19/