Covering for a friend, sentence 25
Covering means lying or staying silent to protect someone who did something wrong.
Who acts: means · What happens: cover, lie, stay, protect, do · To what, where: means, someone, something
This is a sentence of the lesson «Covering for a friend» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (means), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Covering | cover | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | root | root |
| 2 | means | means | NOUN | Number=Ptan | 1 Covering | obj |
| 3 | lying | lie | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 2 means | acl |
| 4 | or | or | CCONJ | _ | 5 staying | cc |
| 5 | staying | stay | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 3 lying | conj |
| 6 | silent | silent | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 5 staying | xcomp |
| 7 | to | to | PART | _ | 8 protect | mark |
| 8 | protect | protect | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 6 silent | advcl |
| 9 | someone | someone | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Ind | 8 protect | obj |
| 10 | who | who | PRON | PronType=Rel | 11 did | nsubj |
| 11 | did | do | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 9 someone | acl:relcl |
| 12 | something | something | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Ind | 11 did | obj |
| 13 | wrong | wrong | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 12 something | amod |
| 14 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 1 Covering | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | cover | gerund | means | vn fill-9.8-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme means=Destination | |||||
| 2 | lie | gerund | means not said here | vn assuming_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 3 | stay | gerund | means not said here | silent property | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 4 | protect | to-infinitive | means not said here | someone | vn defend-72.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent someone=Beneficiary | ||||
| 5 | do | past | something | vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent something=Eventuality |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:everyday:436-covering-for-a-friend.lesson:25.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/everyday/436-covering-for-a-friend/25/