Covering for a friend, sentence 36
To «grass» (UK) means to tell on someone; «sound» (Liverpool, Ireland) means good or all right; «jandals» (NZ) are flip-flops; Canadians often end a sentence with «eh», meaning «right?».
Who acts: grass, sound, all, NZ, Canadians · What happens: mean, tell, jandal, be, end · To what, where: someone, flip flops, sentence, right · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of the lesson «Covering for a friend» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (grass, sound, all, NZ), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | To | to | ADP | _ | 3 grass | case |
| 2 | « | « | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 grass | det |
| 3 | grass | grass | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 means | nsubj |
| 4 | » | » | PROPN | Number=Sing | 3 grass | appos |
| 5 | ( | ( | PUNCT | _ | 6 UK | punct |
| 6 | UK | UK | PROPN | Number=Sing | 3 grass | appos |
| 7 | ) | ) | PUNCT | _ | 6 UK | punct |
| 8 | means | mean | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 9 | to | to | PART | _ | 10 tell | mark |
| 10 | tell | tell | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 8 means | xcomp |
| 11 | on | on | ADP | _ | 12 someone | case |
| 12 | someone | someone | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Ind | 10 tell | obl |
| 13 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 15 sound | punct |
| 14 | « | « | CCONJ | _ | 15 sound | cc |
| 15 | sound | sound | NOUN | Number=Sing | 22 means | nsubj |
| 16 | » | » | PROPN | Number=Sing | 15 sound | obj |
| 17 | ( | ( | PUNCT | _ | 18 Liverpool | punct |
| 18 | Liverpool | Liverpool | PROPN | Number=Sing | 16 » | nmod:unmarked |
| 19 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 20 Ireland | punct |
| 20 | Ireland | Ireland | PROPN | Number=Sing | 16 » | parataxis |
| 21 | ) | ) | PUNCT | _ | 15 sound | punct |
| 22 | means | mean | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 8 means | parataxis |
| 23 | good | good | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 22 means | xcomp |
| 24 | or | or | CCONJ | _ | 29 jandals | cc |
| 25 | all | all | DET | PronType=Tot | 29 jandals | nsubj |
| 26 | right | right | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 23 good | conj |
| 27 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 29 jandals | punct |
| 28 | « | « | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 29 jandals | amod |
| 29 | jandals | jandal | NOUN | Number=Plur | 22 means | conj |
| 30 | » | » | PUNCT | _ | 29 jandals | punct |
| 31 | ( | ( | PUNCT | _ | 32 NZ | punct |
| 32 | NZ | NZ | PROPN | Number=Sing | 37 flops | nsubj |
| 33 | ) | ) | PUNCT | _ | 32 NZ | punct |
| 34 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 37 flops | cop |
| 35 | flip | flip | NOUN | Number=Sing | 37 flops | compound |
| 36 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 35 flip | punct |
| 37 | flops | flop | NOUN | Number=Plur | 22 means | conj |
| 38 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 41 end | punct |
| 39 | Canadians | canadian | PROPN | Number=Plur | 41 end | nsubj |
| 40 | often | often | ADV | _ | 41 end | advmod |
| 41 | end | end | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 8 means | conj |
| 42 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 43 sentence | det |
| 43 | sentence | sentence | NOUN | Number=Sing | 41 end | obj |
| 44 | with | with | ADP | _ | 47 » | case |
| 45 | « | « | PUNCT | _ | 46 eh | punct |
| 46 | eh | eh | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 47 » | det |
| 47 | » | » | PROPN | Number=Sing | 41 end | obl |
| 48 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 49 meaning | punct |
| 49 | meaning | mean | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 8 means | parataxis |
| 50 | « | « | PUNCT | _ | 51 right | punct |
| 51 | right | right | NOUN | Number=Sing | 49 meaning | obj |
| 52 | ? | ? | PUNCT | _ | 49 meaning | punct |
| 53 | » | » | PUNCT | _ | 49 meaning | punct |
| 54 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 8 means | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- changed act=assert
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | mean | present | « grass | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | |||||
| 2 | tell speech: assert not said to happen | to-infinitive | « grass not said here | someone | vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 3 | mean | present | sound | good property | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 4 | jandal in a quote | all | tree rules | ||||||
| 5 | is a | present | NZ | flip flops | tree rules | ||||
| 6 | end | present | Canadians | a sentence | with eh »; often property | vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP V NP.eventuality PP.subeventuality»: agent=Affector sentence=Eventuality with »=Subeventuality | |||
| 7 | mean | gerund | right | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent right=Topic |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:everyday:436-covering-for-a-friend.lesson:36.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×3, R6-punct-agree ×2, R8-pos-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/everyday/436-covering-for-a-friend/36/