Pools, lakes and ice, sentence 2
Lakes and rivers hide their dangers: the bottom may drop suddenly, the water can be very cold, and there may be weeds, rocks or currents you cannot see; on a boat you always wear a life jacket.
Who acts: Lakes, bottom, water, you · What happens: hide, drop, be, not see, wear · To what, where: dangers, weeds, life jacket, boat
This is a sentence of the lesson «Pools, lakes and ice» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Lakes, bottom, water, you), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Lakes | lake | NOUN | Number=Plur | 4 hide | nsubj |
| 2 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 3 rivers | cc |
| 3 | rivers | river | NOUN | Number=Plur | 1 Lakes | conj |
| 4 | hide | hide | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 5 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 6 dangers | nmod:poss |
| 6 | dangers | danger | NOUN | Number=Plur | 4 hide | obj |
| 7 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 11 drop | punct |
| 8 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 9 bottom | det |
| 9 | bottom | bottom | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 drop | nsubj |
| 10 | may | may | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 11 drop | aux |
| 11 | drop | drop | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 4 hide | parataxis |
| 12 | suddenly | suddenly | ADV | _ | 11 drop | advmod |
| 13 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 19 cold | punct |
| 14 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 15 water | det |
| 15 | water | water | NOUN | Number=Sing | 19 cold | nsubj |
| 16 | can | can | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 19 cold | aux |
| 17 | be | be | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 19 cold | cop |
| 18 | very | very | ADV | _ | 19 cold | advmod |
| 19 | cold | cold | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 11 drop | conj |
| 20 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 25 weeds | punct |
| 21 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 25 weeds | cc |
| 22 | there | there | PRON | PronType=Dem | 24 be | expl |
| 23 | may | may | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 24 be | aux |
| 24 | be | be | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 25 weeds | cop |
| 25 | weeds | weed | NOUN | Number=Plur | 11 drop | conj |
| 26 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 27 rocks | punct |
| 27 | rocks | rock | NOUN | Number=Plur | 25 weeds | conj |
| 28 | or | or | CCONJ | _ | 29 currents | cc |
| 29 | currents | current | NOUN | Number=Plur | 25 weeds | conj |
| 30 | you | you | PRON | Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs | 33 see | nsubj |
| 31 | can | can | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 33 see | aux |
| 32 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 33 see | advmod |
| 33 | see | see | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 25 weeds | acl |
| 34 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 40 wear | punct |
| 35 | on | on | ADP | _ | 37 boat | case |
| 36 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 37 boat | det |
| 37 | boat | boat | NOUN | Number=Sing | 40 wear | obl |
| 38 | you | you | PRON | Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs | 40 wear | nsubj |
| 39 | always | always | ADV | _ | 40 wear | advmod |
| 40 | wear | wear | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 33 see | conj |
| 41 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 43 jacket | det |
| 42 | life | life | NOUN | Number=Sing | 43 jacket | compound |
| 43 | jacket | jacket | NOUN | Number=Sing | 40 wear | obj |
| 44 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 hide | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | hide | present | Lakes and rivers | Lakes's dangers | vn concealment-16-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent danger=Patient | ||||
| 2 | drop | may | the bottom | suddenly property | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP.theme V»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 3 | is | can | the water | cold property | tree rules | ||||
| 4 | is a | infinitive | the bottom not said here | weeds and rocks or currents | tree rules | ||||
| 5 | not see | can | you | weeds and rocks or currents not said here | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer weed=Stimulus | ||||
| 6 | wear | present | you | a life jacket | a boat | always property | vn wipe_manner-10.4.1-1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent jacket=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:everyday:045-pools-lakes-and-ice.lesson:2.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R3-conj-first ×1, R5-strong ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/everyday/45-pools-lakes-and-ice/2/