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Bullying and how to stop it, sentence 0

Bullying is when someone hurts another person on purpose, again and again, and the person being hurt finds it hard to make it stop; it can be hitting or pushing, name-calling, leaving someone out on purpose, spreading rumours, or mean messages online.

Who acts: Bullying, person · What happens: be, hurt, find, make, stop, hit · To what, where: purpose, person, Bullying, someone, rumours

This is a sentence of the lesson «Bullying and how to stop it» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Bullying, person), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

nsubjcopadvmodnsubjdetobjcaseoblpunctadvmodccconjpunctccdetnsubjaux:passaclconjexplxcompmarkxcompobjxcomppunctnsubjauxauxparataxisccconjpunctcompoundpunctconjpunctconjobjadvmodcaseoblpunctconjobjpunctccamodconjadvmodpunctrootBullyingNOUNisAUXwhenADVsomeonePRONhurtsVERBanotherDETpersonNOUNonADPpurposeNOUN,PUNCTagainADVandCCONJagainADV,PUNCTandCCONJtheDETpersonNOUNbeingAUXhurtVERBfindsVERBitPRONhardADJtoPARTmakeVERBitPRONstopVERB;PUNCTitPRONcanAUXbeAUXhittingVERBorCCONJpushingVERB,PUNCTnameNOUN-PUNCTcallingNOUN,PUNCTleavingVERBsomeonePRONoutADVonADPpurposeNOUN,PUNCTspreadingVERBrumoursNOUN,PUNCTorCCONJmeanADJmessagesNOUNonlineADV.PUNCT
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
#wordlemmaUPOSfeaturesheadrelation
1BullyingbullyingNOUNNumber=Sing5 hurtsnsubj
2isbeAUXMood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin5 hurtscop
3whenwhenADVPronType=Int5 hurtsadvmod
4someonesomeonePRONNumber=Sing PronType=Ind5 hurtsnsubj
5hurtshurtVERBMood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Finrootroot
6anotheranotherDETPronType=Ind7 persondet
7personpersonNOUNNumber=Sing5 hurtsobj
8ononADP_9 purposecase
9purposepurposeNOUNNumber=Sing5 hurtsobl
10,,PUNCT_11 againpunct
11againagainADV_5 hurtsadvmod
12andandCCONJ_13 againcc
13againagainADV_11 againconj
14,,PUNCT_20 findspunct
15andandCCONJ_20 findscc
16thetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art17 persondet
17personpersonNOUNNumber=Sing20 findsnsubj
18beingbeAUXTense=Pres VerbForm=Part19 hurtaux:pass
19hurthurtVERBTense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass17 personacl
20findsfindVERBMood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin5 hurtsconj
21ititPRONCase=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs20 findsexpl
22hardhardADJDegree=Pos20 findsxcomp
23totoPART_24 makemark
24makemakeVERBVerbForm=Inf22 hardxcomp
25ititPRONCase=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs24 makeobj
26stopstopVERBVerbForm=Inf24 makexcomp
27;;PUNCT_31 hittingpunct
28ititPRONCase=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs31 hittingnsubj
29cancanAUXVerbForm=Fin31 hittingaux
30bebeAUXVerbForm=Inf31 hittingaux
31hittinghitVERBTense=Pres VerbForm=Part5 hurtsparataxis
32ororCCONJ_33 pushingcc
33pushingpushVERBTense=Pres VerbForm=Part31 hittingconj
34,,PUNCT_37 callingpunct
35namenameNOUNNumber=Sing37 callingcompound
36--PUNCT_35 namepunct
37callingcallingNOUNNumber=Sing31 hittingconj
38,,PUNCT_39 leavingpunct
39leavingleaveVERBTense=Pres VerbForm=Part31 hittingconj
40someonesomeonePRONNumber=Sing PronType=Ind39 leavingobj
41outoutADV_40 someoneadvmod
42ononADP_43 purposecase
43purposepurposeNOUNNumber=Sing39 leavingobl
44,,PUNCT_45 spreadingpunct
45spreadingspreadVERBVerbForm=Ger31 hittingconj
46rumoursrumourNOUNNumber=Plur45 spreadingobj
47,,PUNCT_50 messagespunct
48ororCCONJ_50 messagescc
49meanmeanADJDegree=Pos50 messagesamod
50messagesmessageNOUNNumber=Plur46 rumoursconj
51onlineonlineADV_45 spreadingadvmod
52..PUNCT_5 hurtspunct

Pragmatics

No stored speech act for this sentence.

#verbtense, moodwhowhat, whomto whomwherewhenotherroles by
1ispresentBullyingpurposeagainhurt propertytree rules
2hurtgerund · passivethe person not said herevn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»
3findpresentthe personBullyinghard propertyvn declare-29.4-1-1 «NP V what S_INF»: agent=Agent
4maketo-infinitiveBullying not said hereBullyingtree rules
5stopinfinitiveBullying not said herevn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality
6hitcan · progressivepersonvn contiguous_location-47.8-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
7pushgerundperson not said herevn push-12-1-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Agent
8leavegerundperson not said heresomeonepurposevn keep-15.2 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent someone=Theme on purpose=Location
9spreadgerundperson not said hererumours or mean messagesonline propertyvn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location rumour=Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:everyday:055-bullying.lesson:0.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/everyday/55-bullying/0/