Doctors, cuts and grazes, sentence 1
Your skin is a wall that keeps germs out; a cut or graze makes a gap, so you clean it, stop the bleeding and cover it until new skin grows.
Who acts: skin, wall, cut, you, new skin · What happens: be, keep out, make, clean, stop, cover · To what, where: wall, germs, gap, bleeding
This is a sentence of the lesson «Doctors, cuts and grazes» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (skin, wall, cut, you), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Your | your | PRON | Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 2 skin | nmod:poss |
| 2 | skin | skin | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 wall | nsubj |
| 3 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 5 wall | cop |
| 4 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 5 wall | det |
| 5 | wall | wall | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 6 | that | that | PRON | PronType=Rel | 7 keeps | nsubj |
| 7 | keeps | keep | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 5 wall | acl:relcl |
| 8 | germs | germ | NOUN | Number=Plur | 7 keeps | obj |
| 9 | out | out | ADV | _ | 7 keeps | advmod |
| 10 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 15 makes | punct |
| 11 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 12 cut | det |
| 12 | cut | cut | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 makes | nsubj |
| 13 | or | or | CCONJ | _ | 14 graze | cc |
| 14 | graze | graze | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 cut | conj |
| 15 | makes | make | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 5 wall | parataxis |
| 16 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 17 gap | det |
| 17 | gap | gap | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 makes | obj |
| 18 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 21 clean | punct |
| 19 | so | so | ADV | _ | 21 clean | advmod |
| 20 | you | you | PRON | Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs | 21 clean | nsubj |
| 21 | clean | clean | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 15 makes | conj |
| 22 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 21 clean | obj |
| 23 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 24 stop | punct |
| 24 | stop | stop | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 21 clean | conj |
| 25 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 26 bleeding | det |
| 26 | bleeding | bleeding | NOUN | Number=Sing | 24 stop | obj |
| 27 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 28 cover | cc |
| 28 | cover | cover | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 24 stop | conj |
| 29 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 28 cover | obj |
| 30 | until | until | SCONJ | _ | 33 grows | mark |
| 31 | new | new | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 32 skin | amod |
| 32 | skin | skin | NOUN | Number=Sing | 33 grows | nsubj |
| 33 | grows | grow | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 28 cover | advcl |
| 34 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 5 wall | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is a | present | Your skin | a wall | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | keep out | present | a wall | germs | out property | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent germ=Theme | |||
| 3 | make | present | a cut or graze | a gap | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset gap=Product | ||||
| 4 | clean | present | you | gap | vn other_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent it=Patient | ||||
| 5 | stop | infinitive | you not said here | the bleeding | vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP V NP.eventuality»: agent=Subeventuality bleeding=Eventuality | ||||
| 6 | cover | infinitive | you not said here | bleeding | vn fill-9.8-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme it=Destination | ||||
| 7 | grow | present | new skin | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:everyday:083-doctors-cuts-and-grazes.lesson:1.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R1-cc-next ×2, R5-strong ×1, R6-punct-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/everyday/83-doctors-cuts-and-grazes/1/