Telling the time, sentence 11

à + a time means "at": Le cours commence à neuf heures (the lesson starts at nine); neuf heures sounds like "nuh-VUR".

Who acts: à, Le cours, lesson, neuf heures · What happens: mean, commence, start, sound · To what, where: nine

This is a sentence of the lesson «Telling the time» of the french course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (à, Le cours, lesson, neuf heures), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	à	à	X	_	5 means	nsubj
2	+	+	SYM	_	4 time	cc
3	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	4 time	det
4	time	time	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 à	conj
5	means	mean	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
6	"	"	PUNCT	_	8 "	punct
7	at	at	ADP	_	8 "	case
8	"	"	PUNCT	_	5 means	punct
9	:	:	PUNCT	_	12 commence	punct
10	Le	Le	PROPN	Number=Sing	11 cours	compound
11	cours	cour	NOUN	Number=Plur	12 commence	nsubj
12	commence	commence	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 means	conj
13	à	à	ADP	_	15 heures	case
14	neuf	neuf	NOUN	Number=Sing	15 heures	compound
15	heures	heure	NOUN	Number=Plur	12 commence	obl
16	(	(	PUNCT	_	19 starts	punct
17	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	18 lesson	det
18	lesson	lesson	NOUN	Number=Sing	19 starts	nsubj
19	starts	start	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	12 commence	parataxis
20	at	at	ADP	_	21 nine	case
21	nine	nine	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	19 starts	obl
22	)	)	PUNCT	_	19 starts	punct
23	;	;	PUNCT	_	26 sounds	punct
24	neuf	neuf	ADJ	Degree=Pos	25 heures	amod
25	heures	heure	NOUN	Number=Plur	26 sounds	nsubj
26	sounds	sound	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 means	conj
27	like	like	ADP	_	31 VUR	case
28	"	"	PUNCT	_	31 VUR	punct
29	nuh	nuh	INTJ	_	31 VUR	discourse
30	-	-	PUNCT	_	31 VUR	punct
31	VUR	VUR	PROPN	Number=Sing	26 sounds	obl
32	"	"	PUNCT	_	31 VUR	punct
33	.	.	PUNCT	_	5 means	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: narrator
polarity: none
teacher: kept the draft

#	verb	tense, mood	who	where	other	roles by
1	mean	present	à + a time			vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent
2	commence	present	Le cours		à neuf heures	vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality
3	start	present	the lesson	nine		vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality
4	sound	present	neuf heures		like VUR	vn stimulus_subject-30.4 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Stimulus

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:french:012-telling-the-time.lesson:11.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R1-cc-next ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/french/12-telling-the-time/11/